init/snapuserd_transition.cpp - LeafOS-Project/android_system_core - Gitiles

 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */

 #include "snapuserd_transition.h"

 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/syscall.h>
 #include <sys/xattr.h>
 #include <unistd.h>

 #include <filesystem>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>

 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/parseint.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
 #include <fs_avb/fs_avb.h>
 #include <libsnapshot/snapshot.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <procinfo/process_map.h>
 #include <selinux/android.h>
 #include <snapuserd/snapuserd_client.h>

 #include "block_dev_initializer.h"
 #include "service_utils.h"
 #include "util.h"

 namespace android {
 namespace init {

 using namespace std::string_literals;

 using android::base::unique_fd;
 using android::snapshot::SnapshotManager;
 using android::snapshot::SnapuserdClient;

 static constexpr char kSnapuserdPath[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
 static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_PID";
 static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_FD";
 static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStageInfoVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_INFO";
 static constexpr char kSnapuserdLabel[] = "u:object_r:snapuserd_exec:s0";
 static constexpr char kSnapuserdSocketLabel[] = "u:object_r:snapuserd_socket:s0";

 void LaunchFirstStageSnapuserd(SnapshotDriver driver) {
     SocketDescriptor socket_desc;
     socket_desc.name = android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket;
     socket_desc.type = SOCK_STREAM;
     socket_desc.perm = 0660;
     socket_desc.uid = AID_SYSTEM;
     socket_desc.gid = AID_SYSTEM;

     // We specify a label here even though it technically is not needed. During
     // first_stage_mount there is no sepolicy loaded. Once sepolicy is loaded,
     // we bypass the socket entirely.
     auto socket = socket_desc.Create(kSnapuserdSocketLabel);
     if (!socket.ok()) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not create snapuserd socket: " << socket.error();
     }

     pid_t pid = fork();
     if (pid < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; fork failed";
     }
     if (pid == 0) {
         socket->Publish();

         if (driver == SnapshotDriver::DM_USER) {
             char arg0[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
             char arg1[] = "-user_snapshot";
             char* const argv[] = {arg0, arg1, nullptr};
             if (execv(arg0, argv) < 0) {
                 PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; execv failed";
             }
             _exit(127);
         } else {
             char arg0[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
             char* const argv[] = {arg0, nullptr};
             if (execv(arg0, argv) < 0) {
                 PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; execv failed";
             }
             _exit(127);
         }
     }

     auto client = SnapuserdClient::Connect(android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket, 10s);
     if (!client) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not connect to first-stage snapuserd";
     }
     if (client->SupportsSecondStageSocketHandoff()) {
         setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageInfoVar, "socket", 1);
     }

     setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar, std::to_string(pid).c_str(), 1);

     LOG(INFO) << "Relaunched snapuserd with pid: " << pid;
 }

 std::optional<pid_t> GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid() {
     const char* pid_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar);
     if (!pid_str) {
         return {};
     }

     int pid = 0;
     if (!android::base::ParseInt(pid_str, &pid)) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not parse pid in environment, " << kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar << "="
                    << pid_str;
     }
     return {pid};
 }

 static void RelabelLink(const std::string& link) {
     selinux_android_restorecon(link.c_str(), 0);

     std::string path;
     if (android::base::Readlink(link, &path)) {
         selinux_android_restorecon(path.c_str(), 0);
     }
 }

 static void RelabelDeviceMapper() {
     selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/device-mapper", 0);

     std::error_code ec;
     for (auto& iter : std::filesystem::directory_iterator("/dev/block", ec)) {
         const auto& path = iter.path();
         if (android::base::StartsWith(path.string(), "/dev/block/dm-")) {
             selinux_android_restorecon(path.string().c_str(), 0);
         }
     }
 }

 static std::optional<int> GetRamdiskSnapuserdFd() {
     const char* fd_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar);
     if (!fd_str) {
         return {};
     }

     int fd;
     if (!android::base::ParseInt(fd_str, &fd)) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not parse fd in environment, " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << "="
                    << fd_str;
     }
     return {fd};
 }

 void RestoreconRamdiskSnapuserd(int fd) {
     if (fsetxattr(fd, XATTR_NAME_SELINUX, kSnapuserdLabel, strlen(kSnapuserdLabel) + 1, 0) < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "fsetxattr snapuserd failed";
     }
 }

 SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::SnapuserdSelinuxHelper(std::unique_ptr<SnapshotManager>&& sm, pid_t old_pid)
     : sm_(std::move(sm)), old_pid_(old_pid) {
     // Only dm-user device names change during transitions, so the other
     // devices are expected to be present.
     sm_->SetUeventRegenCallback([this](const std::string& device) -> bool {
         if (android::base::StartsWith(device, "/dev/dm-user/")) {
             return block_dev_init_.InitDmUser(android::base::Basename(device));
         }
         return true;
     });
 }

 static void LockAllSystemPages() {
     bool ok = true;
     auto callback = [&](const android::procinfo::MapInfo& map) -> void {
         if (!ok || android::base::StartsWith(map.name, "/dev/") ||
             !android::base::StartsWith(map.name, "/")) {
             return;
         }
         auto start = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(map.start);
         auto len = map.end - map.start;
         if (!len) {
             return;
         }
         if (mlock(start, len) < 0) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "mlock failed, " << start << " for " << len << " bytes.";
             ok = false;
         }
     };

     if (!android::procinfo::ReadProcessMaps(getpid(), callback) || !ok) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not process /proc/" << getpid() << "/maps file for init, "
                    << "falling back to mlockall().";
         if (mlockall(MCL_CURRENT) < 0) {
             LOG(FATAL) << "mlockall failed";
         }
     }
 }

 void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::StartTransition() {
     LOG(INFO) << "Starting SELinux transition of snapuserd";

     // The restorecon path reads from /system etc, so make sure any reads have
     // been cached before proceeding.
     auto handle = selinux_android_file_context_handle();
     if (!handle) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not create SELinux file context handle";
     }
     selinux_android_set_sehandle(handle);

     // We cannot access /system after the transition, so make sure init is
     // pinned in memory.
     LockAllSystemPages();

     argv_.emplace_back("snapuserd");
     argv_.emplace_back("-no_socket");
     if (!sm_->DetachSnapuserdForSelinux(&argv_)) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not perform selinux transition";
     }

     // Make sure the process is gone so we don't have any selinux audits.
     KillFirstStageSnapuserd(old_pid_);
 }

 void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::FinishTransition() {
     RelabelLink("/dev/block/by-name/super");
     RelabelDeviceMapper();

     selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/null", 0);
     selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/urandom", 0);
     selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/kmsg", 0);
     selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/dm-user", SELINUX_ANDROID_RESTORECON_RECURSE);

     RelaunchFirstStageSnapuserd();

     if (munlockall() < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "munlockall failed";
     }
 }

 /*
  * Before starting init second stage, we will wait
  * for snapuserd daemon to be up and running; bionic libc
  * may read /system/etc/selinux/plat_property_contexts file
  * before invoking main() function. This will happen if
  * init initializes property during second stage. Any access
  * to /system without snapuserd daemon will lead to a deadlock.
  *
  * Thus, we do a simple probe by reading system partition. This
  * read will eventually be serviced by daemon confirming that
  * daemon is up and running. Furthermore, we are still in the kernel
  * domain and sepolicy has not been enforced yet. Thus, access
  * to these device mapper block devices are ok even though
  * we may see audit logs.
  */
 bool SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::TestSnapuserdIsReady() {
     std::string dev = "/dev/block/mapper/system"s + fs_mgr_get_slot_suffix();
     android::base::unique_fd fd(open(dev.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_DIRECT));
     if (fd < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "open " << dev << " failed";
         return false;
     }

     void* addr;
     ssize_t page_size = getpagesize();
     if (posix_memalign(&addr, page_size, page_size) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "posix_memalign with page size " << page_size;
         return false;
     }

     std::unique_ptr<void, decltype(&::free)> buffer(addr, ::free);

     int iter = 0;
     while (iter < 10) {
         ssize_t n = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(pread(fd.get(), buffer.get(), page_size, 0));
         if (n < 0) {
             // Wait for sometime before retry
             std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
         } else if (n == page_size) {
             return true;
         } else {
             LOG(ERROR) << "pread returned: " << n << " from: " << dev << " expected: " << page_size;
         }

         iter += 1;
     }

     return false;
 }

 void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::RelaunchFirstStageSnapuserd() {
     auto fd = GetRamdiskSnapuserdFd();
     if (!fd) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Environment variable " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << " was not set!";
     }
     unsetenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar);

     RestoreconRamdiskSnapuserd(fd.value());

     pid_t pid = fork();
     if (pid < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "Fork to relaunch snapuserd failed";
     }
     if (pid > 0) {
         // We don't need the descriptor anymore, and it should be closed to
         // avoid leaking into subprocesses.
         close(fd.value());

         setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar, std::to_string(pid).c_str(), 1);

         LOG(INFO) << "Relaunched snapuserd with pid: " << pid;

         if (!TestSnapuserdIsReady()) {
             PLOG(FATAL) << "snapuserd daemon failed to launch";
         } else {
             LOG(INFO) << "snapuserd daemon is up and running";
         }

         return;
     }

     // Make sure the descriptor is gone after we exec.
     if (fcntl(fd.value(), F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "fcntl FD_CLOEXEC failed for snapuserd fd";
     }

     std::vector<char*> argv;
     for (auto& arg : argv_) {
         argv.emplace_back(arg.data());
     }
     argv.emplace_back(nullptr);

     int rv = syscall(SYS_execveat, fd.value(), "", reinterpret_cast<char* const*>(argv.data()),
                      nullptr, AT_EMPTY_PATH);
     if (rv < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "Failed to execveat() snapuserd";
     }
 }

 std::unique_ptr<SnapuserdSelinuxHelper> SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::CreateIfNeeded() {
     if (IsRecoveryMode()) {
         return nullptr;
     }

     auto old_pid = GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid();
     if (!old_pid) {
         return nullptr;
     }

     auto sm = SnapshotManager::NewForFirstStageMount();
     if (!sm) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Unable to create SnapshotManager";
     }
     return std::make_unique<SnapuserdSelinuxHelper>(std::move(sm), old_pid.value());
 }

 void KillFirstStageSnapuserd(pid_t pid) {
     if (kill(pid, SIGTERM) < 0 && errno != ESRCH) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Kill snapuserd pid failed: " << pid;
     } else {
         LOG(INFO) << "Sent SIGTERM to snapuserd process " << pid;
     }
 }

 void CleanupSnapuserdSocket() {
     auto socket_path = ANDROID_SOCKET_DIR "/"s + android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket;
     if (access(socket_path.c_str(), F_OK) != 0) {
         return;
     }

     // Tell the daemon to stop accepting connections and to gracefully exit
     // once all outstanding handlers have terminated.
     if (auto client = SnapuserdClient::Connect(android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket, 3s)) {
         client->DetachSnapuserd();
     }

     // Unlink the socket so we can create it again in second-stage.
     if (unlink(socket_path.c_str()) < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "unlink " << socket_path << " failed";
     }
 }

 void SaveRamdiskPathToSnapuserd() {
     int fd = open(kSnapuserdPath, O_PATH);
     if (fd < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "Unable to open snapuserd: " << kSnapuserdPath;
     }

     auto value = std::to_string(fd);
     if (setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar, value.c_str(), 1) < 0) {
         PLOG(FATAL) << "setenv failed: " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << "=" << value;
     }
 }

 bool IsFirstStageSnapuserdRunning() {
     return GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid().has_value();
 }

 std::vector<std::string> GetSnapuserdFirstStageInfo() {
     const char* pid_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageInfoVar);
     if (!pid_str) {
         return {};
     }
     return android::base::Split(pid_str, ",");
 }

 }  // namespace init
 }  // namespace android
	/*
	* Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
	*
	* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	* You may obtain a copy of the License at
	*
	* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	*
	* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	* limitations under the License.
	*/

	#include "snapuserd_transition.h"

	#include <sys/mman.h>
	#include <sys/socket.h>
	#include <sys/syscall.h>
	#include <sys/xattr.h>
	#include <unistd.h>

	#include <filesystem>
	#include <string>
	#include <string_view>

	#include <android-base/file.h>
	#include <android-base/logging.h>
	#include <android-base/parseint.h>
	#include <android-base/strings.h>
	#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
	#include <cutils/sockets.h>
	#include <fs_avb/fs_avb.h>
	#include <libsnapshot/snapshot.h>
	#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
	#include <procinfo/process_map.h>
	#include <selinux/android.h>
	#include <snapuserd/snapuserd_client.h>

	#include "block_dev_initializer.h"
	#include "service_utils.h"
	#include "util.h"

	namespace android {
	namespace init {

	using namespace std::string_literals;

	using android::base::unique_fd;
	using android::snapshot::SnapshotManager;
	using android::snapshot::SnapuserdClient;

	static constexpr char kSnapuserdPath[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
	static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_PID";
	static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_FD";
	static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStageInfoVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_INFO";
	static constexpr char kSnapuserdLabel[] = "u:object_r:snapuserd_exec:s0";
	static constexpr char kSnapuserdSocketLabel[] = "u:object_r:snapuserd_socket:s0";

	void LaunchFirstStageSnapuserd(SnapshotDriver driver) {
	SocketDescriptor socket_desc;
	socket_desc.name = android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket;
	socket_desc.type = SOCK_STREAM;
	socket_desc.perm = 0660;
	socket_desc.uid = AID_SYSTEM;
	socket_desc.gid = AID_SYSTEM;

	// We specify a label here even though it technically is not needed. During
	// first_stage_mount there is no sepolicy loaded. Once sepolicy is loaded,
	// we bypass the socket entirely.
	auto socket = socket_desc.Create(kSnapuserdSocketLabel);
	if (!socket.ok()) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Could not create snapuserd socket: " << socket.error();
	}

	pid_t pid = fork();
	if (pid < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; fork failed";
	}
	if (pid == 0) {
	socket->Publish();

	if (driver == SnapshotDriver::DM_USER) {
	char arg0[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
	char arg1[] = "-user_snapshot";
	char* const argv[] = {arg0, arg1, nullptr};
	if (execv(arg0, argv) < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; execv failed";
	}
	_exit(127);
	} else {
	char arg0[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
	char* const argv[] = {arg0, nullptr};
	if (execv(arg0, argv) < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; execv failed";
	}
	_exit(127);
	}
	}

	auto client = SnapuserdClient::Connect(android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket, 10s);
	if (!client) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Could not connect to first-stage snapuserd";
	}
	if (client->SupportsSecondStageSocketHandoff()) {
	setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageInfoVar, "socket", 1);
	}

	setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar, std::to_string(pid).c_str(), 1);

	LOG(INFO) << "Relaunched snapuserd with pid: " << pid;
	}

	std::optional<pid_t> GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid() {
	const char* pid_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar);
	if (!pid_str) {
	return {};
	}

	int pid = 0;
	if (!android::base::ParseInt(pid_str, &pid)) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Could not parse pid in environment, " << kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar << "="
	<< pid_str;
	}
	return {pid};
	}

	static void RelabelLink(const std::string& link) {
	selinux_android_restorecon(link.c_str(), 0);

	std::string path;
	if (android::base::Readlink(link, &path)) {
	selinux_android_restorecon(path.c_str(), 0);
	}
	}

	static void RelabelDeviceMapper() {
	selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/device-mapper", 0);

	std::error_code ec;
	for (auto& iter : std::filesystem::directory_iterator("/dev/block", ec)) {
	const auto& path = iter.path();
	if (android::base::StartsWith(path.string(), "/dev/block/dm-")) {
	selinux_android_restorecon(path.string().c_str(), 0);
	}
	}
	}

	static std::optional<int> GetRamdiskSnapuserdFd() {
	const char* fd_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar);
	if (!fd_str) {
	return {};
	}

	int fd;
	if (!android::base::ParseInt(fd_str, &fd)) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Could not parse fd in environment, " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << "="
	<< fd_str;
	}
	return {fd};
	}

	void RestoreconRamdiskSnapuserd(int fd) {
	if (fsetxattr(fd, XATTR_NAME_SELINUX, kSnapuserdLabel, strlen(kSnapuserdLabel) + 1, 0) < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "fsetxattr snapuserd failed";
	}
	}

	SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::SnapuserdSelinuxHelper(std::unique_ptr<SnapshotManager>&& sm, pid_t old_pid)
	: sm_(std::move(sm)), old_pid_(old_pid) {
	// Only dm-user device names change during transitions, so the other
	// devices are expected to be present.
	sm_->SetUeventRegenCallback([this](const std::string& device) -> bool {
	if (android::base::StartsWith(device, "/dev/dm-user/")) {
	return block_dev_init_.InitDmUser(android::base::Basename(device));
	}
	return true;
	});
	}

	static void LockAllSystemPages() {
	bool ok = true;
	auto callback = [&](const android::procinfo::MapInfo& map) -> void {
	if (!ok \|\| android::base::StartsWith(map.name, "/dev/") \|\|
	!android::base::StartsWith(map.name, "/")) {
	return;
	}
	auto start = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(map.start);
	auto len = map.end - map.start;
	if (!len) {
	return;
	}
	if (mlock(start, len) < 0) {
	LOG(ERROR) << "mlock failed, " << start << " for " << len << " bytes.";
	ok = false;
	}
	};

	if (!android::procinfo::ReadProcessMaps(getpid(), callback) \|\| !ok) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Could not process /proc/" << getpid() << "/maps file for init, "
	<< "falling back to mlockall().";
	if (mlockall(MCL_CURRENT) < 0) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "mlockall failed";
	}
	}
	}

	void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::StartTransition() {
	LOG(INFO) << "Starting SELinux transition of snapuserd";

	// The restorecon path reads from /system etc, so make sure any reads have
	// been cached before proceeding.
	auto handle = selinux_android_file_context_handle();
	if (!handle) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Could not create SELinux file context handle";
	}
	selinux_android_set_sehandle(handle);

	// We cannot access /system after the transition, so make sure init is
	// pinned in memory.
	LockAllSystemPages();

	argv_.emplace_back("snapuserd");
	argv_.emplace_back("-no_socket");
	if (!sm_->DetachSnapuserdForSelinux(&argv_)) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Could not perform selinux transition";
	}

	// Make sure the process is gone so we don't have any selinux audits.
	KillFirstStageSnapuserd(old_pid_);
	}

	void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::FinishTransition() {
	RelabelLink("/dev/block/by-name/super");
	RelabelDeviceMapper();

	selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/null", 0);
	selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/urandom", 0);
	selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/kmsg", 0);
	selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/dm-user", SELINUX_ANDROID_RESTORECON_RECURSE);

	RelaunchFirstStageSnapuserd();

	if (munlockall() < 0) {
	PLOG(ERROR) << "munlockall failed";
	}
	}

	/*
	* Before starting init second stage, we will wait
	* for snapuserd daemon to be up and running; bionic libc
	* may read /system/etc/selinux/plat_property_contexts file
	* before invoking main() function. This will happen if
	* init initializes property during second stage. Any access
	* to /system without snapuserd daemon will lead to a deadlock.
	*
	* Thus, we do a simple probe by reading system partition. This
	* read will eventually be serviced by daemon confirming that
	* daemon is up and running. Furthermore, we are still in the kernel
	* domain and sepolicy has not been enforced yet. Thus, access
	* to these device mapper block devices are ok even though
	* we may see audit logs.
	*/
	bool SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::TestSnapuserdIsReady() {
	std::string dev = "/dev/block/mapper/system"s + fs_mgr_get_slot_suffix();
	android::base::unique_fd fd(open(dev.c_str(), O_RDONLY \| O_DIRECT));
	if (fd < 0) {
	PLOG(ERROR) << "open " << dev << " failed";
	return false;
	}

	void* addr;
	ssize_t page_size = getpagesize();
	if (posix_memalign(&addr, page_size, page_size) < 0) {
	PLOG(ERROR) << "posix_memalign with page size " << page_size;
	return false;
	}

	std::unique_ptr<void, decltype(&::free)> buffer(addr, ::free);

	int iter = 0;
	while (iter < 10) {
	ssize_t n = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(pread(fd.get(), buffer.get(), page_size, 0));
	if (n < 0) {
	// Wait for sometime before retry
	std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
	} else if (n == page_size) {
	return true;
	} else {
	LOG(ERROR) << "pread returned: " << n << " from: " << dev << " expected: " << page_size;
	}

	iter += 1;
	}

	return false;
	}

	void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::RelaunchFirstStageSnapuserd() {
	auto fd = GetRamdiskSnapuserdFd();
	if (!fd) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Environment variable " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << " was not set!";
	}
	unsetenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar);

	RestoreconRamdiskSnapuserd(fd.value());

	pid_t pid = fork();
	if (pid < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "Fork to relaunch snapuserd failed";
	}
	if (pid > 0) {
	// We don't need the descriptor anymore, and it should be closed to
	// avoid leaking into subprocesses.
	close(fd.value());

	setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar, std::to_string(pid).c_str(), 1);

	LOG(INFO) << "Relaunched snapuserd with pid: " << pid;

	if (!TestSnapuserdIsReady()) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "snapuserd daemon failed to launch";
	} else {
	LOG(INFO) << "snapuserd daemon is up and running";
	}

	return;
	}

	// Make sure the descriptor is gone after we exec.
	if (fcntl(fd.value(), F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "fcntl FD_CLOEXEC failed for snapuserd fd";
	}

	std::vector<char*> argv;
	for (auto& arg : argv_) {
	argv.emplace_back(arg.data());
	}
	argv.emplace_back(nullptr);

	int rv = syscall(SYS_execveat, fd.value(), "", reinterpret_cast<char* const*>(argv.data()),
	nullptr, AT_EMPTY_PATH);
	if (rv < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "Failed to execveat() snapuserd";
	}
	}

	std::unique_ptr<SnapuserdSelinuxHelper> SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::CreateIfNeeded() {
	if (IsRecoveryMode()) {
	return nullptr;
	}

	auto old_pid = GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid();
	if (!old_pid) {
	return nullptr;
	}

	auto sm = SnapshotManager::NewForFirstStageMount();
	if (!sm) {
	LOG(FATAL) << "Unable to create SnapshotManager";
	}
	return std::make_unique<SnapuserdSelinuxHelper>(std::move(sm), old_pid.value());
	}

	void KillFirstStageSnapuserd(pid_t pid) {
	if (kill(pid, SIGTERM) < 0 && errno != ESRCH) {
	LOG(ERROR) << "Kill snapuserd pid failed: " << pid;
	} else {
	LOG(INFO) << "Sent SIGTERM to snapuserd process " << pid;
	}
	}

	void CleanupSnapuserdSocket() {
	auto socket_path = ANDROID_SOCKET_DIR "/"s + android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket;
	if (access(socket_path.c_str(), F_OK) != 0) {
	return;
	}

	// Tell the daemon to stop accepting connections and to gracefully exit
	// once all outstanding handlers have terminated.
	if (auto client = SnapuserdClient::Connect(android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket, 3s)) {
	client->DetachSnapuserd();
	}

	// Unlink the socket so we can create it again in second-stage.
	if (unlink(socket_path.c_str()) < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "unlink " << socket_path << " failed";
	}
	}

	void SaveRamdiskPathToSnapuserd() {
	int fd = open(kSnapuserdPath, O_PATH);
	if (fd < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "Unable to open snapuserd: " << kSnapuserdPath;
	}

	auto value = std::to_string(fd);
	if (setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar, value.c_str(), 1) < 0) {
	PLOG(FATAL) << "setenv failed: " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << "=" << value;
	}
	}

	bool IsFirstStageSnapuserdRunning() {
	return GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid().has_value();
	}

	std::vector<std::string> GetSnapuserdFirstStageInfo() {
	const char* pid_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageInfoVar);
	if (!pid_str) {
	return {};
	}
	return android::base::Split(pid_str, ",");
	}

	} // namespace init
	} // namespace android