cmds/incidentd/tests/FdBuffer_test.cpp - LeafOS-Project/android_frameworks_base - Gitiles

 // Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 // You may obtain a copy of the License at
 //
 //      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 //
 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 #define DEBUG false
 #include "Log.h"

 #include "FdBuffer.h"
 #include "incidentd_util.h"

 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <string.h>

 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>

 using namespace android;
 using namespace android::base;
 using namespace android::os::incidentd;
 using ::testing::Test;

 const int READ_TIMEOUT = 5 * 1000;
 const int BUFFER_SIZE = 16 * 1024;
 const int QUICK_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
 const std::string HEAD = "[OK]";

 class FdBufferTest : public Test {
 public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         ASSERT_NE(tf.fd, -1);
         ASSERT_NE(p2cPipe.init(), -1);
         ASSERT_NE(c2pPipe.init(), -1);
     }

     void AssertBufferReadSuccessful(size_t expected) {
         EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), expected);
         EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.timedOut());
         EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.truncated());
     }

     void AssertBufferContent(const char* expected) {
         int i = 0;
         sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
         while (reader->hasNext()) {
             ASSERT_EQ(reader->next(), expected[i++]);
         }
         EXPECT_EQ(expected[i], '\0');
     }

     bool DoDataStream(const unique_fd& rFd, const unique_fd& wFd) {
         char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
         ssize_t nRead;
         while ((nRead = read(rFd.get(), buf, BUFFER_SIZE)) > 0) {
             ssize_t nWritten = 0;
             while (nWritten < nRead) {
                 ssize_t amt = write(wFd.get(), buf + nWritten, nRead - nWritten);
                 if (amt < 0) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 nWritten += amt;
             }
         }
         return nRead == 0;
     }

 protected:
     FdBuffer buffer;
     TemporaryFile tf;
     Fpipe p2cPipe;
     Fpipe c2pPipe;

     const std::string kTestPath = GetExecutableDirectory();
     const std::string kTestDataPath = kTestPath + "/testdata/";
 };

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadAndWrite) {
     std::string testdata = "FdBuffer test string";
     ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, buffer.read(tf.fd, READ_TIMEOUT));
     AssertBufferReadSuccessful(testdata.size());
     AssertBufferContent(testdata.c_str());
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, IterateEmpty) {
     sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
     EXPECT_FALSE(reader->hasNext());
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadAndIterate) {
     std::string testdata = "FdBuffer test string";
     ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, buffer.read(tf.fd, READ_TIMEOUT));

     int i = 0;
     sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();

     while (reader->hasNext()) {
         EXPECT_EQ(reader->next(), (uint8_t)testdata[i++]);
     }
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, Move) {
     std::string testdata = "FdBuffer test string";
     ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, buffer.read(tf.fd, READ_TIMEOUT));

     sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
     reader->move(buffer.size());

     EXPECT_EQ(reader->bytesRead(), testdata.size());
     EXPECT_FALSE(reader->hasNext());
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadTimeout) {
     int pid = fork();
     ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

     if (pid == 0) {
         c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
         while (true) {
             write(c2pPipe.writeFd(), "poo", 3);
             sleep(1);
         }
         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     } else {
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

         status_t status = buffer.read(c2pPipe.readFd().get(), QUICK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, status);
         EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.timedOut());

         kill(pid, SIGKILL);  // reap the child process
     }
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamAndWrite) {
     std::string testdata = "simply test read in stream";
     std::string expected = HEAD + testdata;
     ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));

     int pid = fork();
     ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

     if (pid == 0) {
         p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
         ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFd(HEAD, c2pPipe.writeFd()));
         ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
         // Must exit here otherwise the child process will continue executing the test binary.
         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
     } else {
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
                   buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
                                                    std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
         AssertBufferReadSuccessful(HEAD.size() + testdata.size());
         AssertBufferContent(expected.c_str());
         wait(&pid);
     }
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamAndWriteAllAtOnce) {
     std::string testdata = "child process flushes only after all data are read.";
     std::string expected = HEAD + testdata;
     ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));

     int pid = fork();
     ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

     if (pid == 0) {
         p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
         std::string data;
         // wait for read finishes then write.
         ASSERT_TRUE(ReadFdToString(p2cPipe.readFd(), &data));
         data = HEAD + data;
         ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFd(data, c2pPipe.writeFd()));
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
         // Must exit here otherwise the child process will continue executing the test binary.
         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
     } else {
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
                   buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
                                                    std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
         AssertBufferReadSuccessful(HEAD.size() + testdata.size());
         AssertBufferContent(expected.c_str());
         wait(&pid);
     }
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamEmpty) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile("", tf.path));

     int pid = fork();
     ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

     if (pid == 0) {
         p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
         ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
     } else {
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
                   buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
                                                    std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
         AssertBufferReadSuccessful(0);
         AssertBufferContent("");
         wait(&pid);
     }
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamMoreThan4MBWithMove) {
     const std::string testFile = kTestDataPath + "morethan96MB.txt";
     size_t ninetySixMB = (size_t)96 * 1024 * 1024;
     unique_fd fd(open(testFile.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
     ASSERT_NE(fd.get(), -1);
     int pid = fork();
     ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

     if (pid == 0) {
         p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
         ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
     } else {
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
                   buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
                                                    std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
         EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), ninetySixMB);
         EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.timedOut());
         EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.truncated());
         wait(&pid);
         sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
         reader->move(ninetySixMB);

         EXPECT_EQ(reader->bytesRead(), ninetySixMB);
         EXPECT_FALSE(reader->hasNext());
     }
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamMoreThan4MBWithNext) {
     const std::string testFile = kTestDataPath + "morethan96MB.txt";
     size_t ninetySixMB = (size_t)96 * 1024 * 1024;
     unique_fd fd(open(testFile.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
     ASSERT_NE(fd.get(), -1);
     int pid = fork();
     ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

     if (pid == 0) {
         p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
         ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
     } else {
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
                   buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
                                                    std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
         EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), ninetySixMB);
         EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.timedOut());
         EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.truncated());
         wait(&pid);
         sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();

         while (reader->hasNext()) {
             char c = 'A' + (reader->bytesRead() % 64 / 8);
             ASSERT_TRUE(reader->next() == c);
         }
     }
 }

 TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamTimeOut) {
     std::string testdata = "timeout test";
     ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));

     int pid = fork();
     ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

     if (pid == 0) {
         p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
         while (true) {
             sleep(1);
         }
         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     } else {
         p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
         c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
                   buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
                                                    std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), QUICK_TIMEOUT_MS));
         EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.timedOut());
         kill(pid, SIGKILL);  // reap the child process
     }
 }
	// Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
	//
	// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	// You may obtain a copy of the License at
	//
	// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	//
	// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	// limitations under the License.
	#define DEBUG false
	#include "Log.h"

	#include "FdBuffer.h"
	#include "incidentd_util.h"

	#include <fcntl.h>
	#include <signal.h>
	#include <string.h>

	#include <android-base/file.h>
	#include <gtest/gtest.h>

	using namespace android;
	using namespace android::base;
	using namespace android::os::incidentd;
	using ::testing::Test;

	const int READ_TIMEOUT = 5 * 1000;
	const int BUFFER_SIZE = 16 * 1024;
	const int QUICK_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
	const std::string HEAD = "[OK]";

	class FdBufferTest : public Test {
	public:
	virtual void SetUp() override {
	ASSERT_NE(tf.fd, -1);
	ASSERT_NE(p2cPipe.init(), -1);
	ASSERT_NE(c2pPipe.init(), -1);
	}

	void AssertBufferReadSuccessful(size_t expected) {
	EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), expected);
	EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.timedOut());
	EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.truncated());
	}

	void AssertBufferContent(const char* expected) {
	int i = 0;
	sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
	while (reader->hasNext()) {
	ASSERT_EQ(reader->next(), expected[i++]);
	}
	EXPECT_EQ(expected[i], '\0');
	}

	bool DoDataStream(const unique_fd& rFd, const unique_fd& wFd) {
	char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
	ssize_t nRead;
	while ((nRead = read(rFd.get(), buf, BUFFER_SIZE)) > 0) {
	ssize_t nWritten = 0;
	while (nWritten < nRead) {
	ssize_t amt = write(wFd.get(), buf + nWritten, nRead - nWritten);
	if (amt < 0) {
	return false;
	}
	nWritten += amt;
	}
	}
	return nRead == 0;
	}

	protected:
	FdBuffer buffer;
	TemporaryFile tf;
	Fpipe p2cPipe;
	Fpipe c2pPipe;

	const std::string kTestPath = GetExecutableDirectory();
	const std::string kTestDataPath = kTestPath + "/testdata/";
	};

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadAndWrite) {
	std::string testdata = "FdBuffer test string";
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));
	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, buffer.read(tf.fd, READ_TIMEOUT));
	AssertBufferReadSuccessful(testdata.size());
	AssertBufferContent(testdata.c_str());
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, IterateEmpty) {
	sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
	EXPECT_FALSE(reader->hasNext());
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadAndIterate) {
	std::string testdata = "FdBuffer test string";
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));
	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, buffer.read(tf.fd, READ_TIMEOUT));

	int i = 0;
	sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();

	while (reader->hasNext()) {
	EXPECT_EQ(reader->next(), (uint8_t)testdata[i++]);
	}
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, Move) {
	std::string testdata = "FdBuffer test string";
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));
	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, buffer.read(tf.fd, READ_TIMEOUT));

	sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
	reader->move(buffer.size());

	EXPECT_EQ(reader->bytesRead(), testdata.size());
	EXPECT_FALSE(reader->hasNext());
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadTimeout) {
	int pid = fork();
	ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

	if (pid == 0) {
	c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
	while (true) {
	write(c2pPipe.writeFd(), "poo", 3);
	sleep(1);
	}
	_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	} else {
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

	status_t status = buffer.read(c2pPipe.readFd().get(), QUICK_TIMEOUT_MS);
	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, status);
	EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.timedOut());

	kill(pid, SIGKILL); // reap the child process
	}
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamAndWrite) {
	std::string testdata = "simply test read in stream";
	std::string expected = HEAD + testdata;
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));

	int pid = fork();
	ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

	if (pid == 0) {
	p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFd(HEAD, c2pPipe.writeFd()));
	ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
	// Must exit here otherwise the child process will continue executing the test binary.
	_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	} else {
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
	buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
	std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
	AssertBufferReadSuccessful(HEAD.size() + testdata.size());
	AssertBufferContent(expected.c_str());
	wait(&pid);
	}
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamAndWriteAllAtOnce) {
	std::string testdata = "child process flushes only after all data are read.";
	std::string expected = HEAD + testdata;
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));

	int pid = fork();
	ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

	if (pid == 0) {
	p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
	std::string data;
	// wait for read finishes then write.
	ASSERT_TRUE(ReadFdToString(p2cPipe.readFd(), &data));
	data = HEAD + data;
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFd(data, c2pPipe.writeFd()));
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
	// Must exit here otherwise the child process will continue executing the test binary.
	_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	} else {
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
	buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
	std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
	AssertBufferReadSuccessful(HEAD.size() + testdata.size());
	AssertBufferContent(expected.c_str());
	wait(&pid);
	}
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamEmpty) {
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile("", tf.path));

	int pid = fork();
	ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

	if (pid == 0) {
	p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
	ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
	_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	} else {
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
	buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
	std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
	AssertBufferReadSuccessful(0);
	AssertBufferContent("");
	wait(&pid);
	}
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamMoreThan4MBWithMove) {
	const std::string testFile = kTestDataPath + "morethan96MB.txt";
	size_t ninetySixMB = (size_t)96 * 1024 * 1024;
	unique_fd fd(open(testFile.c_str(), O_RDONLY \| O_CLOEXEC));
	ASSERT_NE(fd.get(), -1);
	int pid = fork();
	ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

	if (pid == 0) {
	p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
	ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
	_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	} else {
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
	buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
	std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
	EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), ninetySixMB);
	EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.timedOut());
	EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.truncated());
	wait(&pid);
	sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();
	reader->move(ninetySixMB);

	EXPECT_EQ(reader->bytesRead(), ninetySixMB);
	EXPECT_FALSE(reader->hasNext());
	}
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamMoreThan4MBWithNext) {
	const std::string testFile = kTestDataPath + "morethan96MB.txt";
	size_t ninetySixMB = (size_t)96 * 1024 * 1024;
	unique_fd fd(open(testFile.c_str(), O_RDONLY \| O_CLOEXEC));
	ASSERT_NE(fd.get(), -1);
	int pid = fork();
	ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

	if (pid == 0) {
	p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
	ASSERT_TRUE(DoDataStream(p2cPipe.readFd(), c2pPipe.writeFd()));
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();
	_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	} else {
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
	buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
	std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), READ_TIMEOUT));
	EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), ninetySixMB);
	EXPECT_FALSE(buffer.timedOut());
	EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.truncated());
	wait(&pid);
	sp<ProtoReader> reader = buffer.data()->read();

	while (reader->hasNext()) {
	char c = 'A' + (reader->bytesRead() % 64 / 8);
	ASSERT_TRUE(reader->next() == c);
	}
	}
	}

	TEST_F(FdBufferTest, ReadInStreamTimeOut) {
	std::string testdata = "timeout test";
	ASSERT_TRUE(WriteStringToFile(testdata, tf.path));

	int pid = fork();
	ASSERT_TRUE(pid != -1);

	if (pid == 0) {
	p2cPipe.writeFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.readFd().reset();
	while (true) {
	sleep(1);
	}
	_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	} else {
	p2cPipe.readFd().reset();
	c2pPipe.writeFd().reset();

	ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
	buffer.readProcessedDataInStream(tf.fd, std::move(p2cPipe.writeFd()),
	std::move(c2pPipe.readFd()), QUICK_TIMEOUT_MS));
	EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.timedOut());
	kill(pid, SIGKILL); // reap the child process
	}
	}