libartservice/service/java/com/android/server/art/Utils.java - LeafOS-Project/android_art - Gitiles

 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */

 package com.android.server.art;

 import static com.android.server.art.ProfilePath.TmpProfilePath;

 import android.R;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.app.role.RoleManager;
 import android.apphibernation.AppHibernationManager;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.DeadObjectException;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.SystemProperties;
 import android.os.Trace;
 import android.os.UserManager;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.Pair;
 import android.util.Slog;
 import android.util.SparseArray;

 import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;

 import com.android.modules.utils.pm.PackageStateModulesUtils;
 import com.android.server.art.model.DexoptParams;
 import com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerLocal;
 import com.android.server.pm.pkg.AndroidPackage;
 import com.android.server.pm.pkg.PackageState;

 import dalvik.system.DexFile;
 import dalvik.system.VMRuntime;

 import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;

 /** @hide */
 @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
 public final class Utils {
     public static final String TAG = ArtManagerLocal.TAG;
     public static final String PLATFORM_PACKAGE_NAME = "android";

     /** A copy of {@link android.os.Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK}. */
     private static final long TRACE_TAG_DALVIK = 1L << 14;

     private Utils() {}

     /**
      * Checks if given array is null or has zero elements.
      */
     public static <T> boolean isEmpty(@Nullable Collection<T> array) {
         return array == null || array.isEmpty();
     }

     /**
      * Checks if given array is null or has zero elements.
      */
     public static <T> boolean isEmpty(@Nullable SparseArray<T> array) {
         return array == null || array.size() == 0;
     }

     /**
      * Checks if given array is null or has zero elements.
      */
     public static boolean isEmpty(@Nullable int[] array) {
         return array == null || array.length == 0;
     }

     /** Returns the ABI information for the package. The primary ABI comes first. */
     @NonNull
     public static List<Abi> getAllAbis(@NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
         List<Abi> abis = new ArrayList<>();
         abis.add(getPrimaryAbi(pkgState));
         String pkgPrimaryCpuAbi = pkgState.getPrimaryCpuAbi();
         String pkgSecondaryCpuAbi = pkgState.getSecondaryCpuAbi();
         if (pkgSecondaryCpuAbi != null) {
             Utils.check(pkgState.getPrimaryCpuAbi() != null);
             String isa = getTranslatedIsa(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(pkgSecondaryCpuAbi));
             abis.add(Abi.create(nativeIsaToAbi(isa), isa, false /* isPrimaryAbi */));
         }
         // Primary and secondary ABIs should be guaranteed to have different ISAs.
         if (abis.size() == 2 && abis.get(0).isa().equals(abis.get(1).isa())) {
             throw new IllegalStateException(String.format(
                     "Duplicate ISA: primary ABI '%s' ('%s'), secondary ABI '%s' ('%s')",
                     pkgPrimaryCpuAbi, abis.get(0).name(), pkgSecondaryCpuAbi, abis.get(1).name()));
         }
         return abis;
     }

     /**
      * Returns the ABI information for the ABIs with the given names. The primary ABI comes first,
      * if given.
      */
     @NonNull
     public static List<Abi> getAllAbisForNames(
             @NonNull Set<String> abiNames, @NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
         Utils.check(abiNames.stream().allMatch(Utils::isNativeAbi));
         Abi pkgPrimaryAbi = getPrimaryAbi(pkgState);
         return abiNames.stream()
                 .map(name
                         -> Abi.create(name, VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(name),
                                 name.equals(pkgPrimaryAbi.name())))
                 .sorted(Comparator.comparing(Abi::isPrimaryAbi).reversed())
                 .collect(Collectors.toList());
     }

     @NonNull
     public static Abi getPrimaryAbi(@NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
         String primaryCpuAbi = pkgState.getPrimaryCpuAbi();
         if (primaryCpuAbi != null) {
             String isa = getTranslatedIsa(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(primaryCpuAbi));
             return Abi.create(nativeIsaToAbi(isa), isa, true /* isPrimaryAbi */);
         }
         // This is the most common case. The package manager can't infer the ABIs, probably because
         // the package doesn't contain any native library. The app is launched with the device's
         // preferred ABI.
         String preferredAbi = Constants.getPreferredAbi();
         Utils.check(isNativeAbi(preferredAbi));
         return Abi.create(
                 preferredAbi, VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(preferredAbi), true /* isPrimaryAbi */);
     }

     /**
      * If the given ISA isn't native to the device, returns the ISA that the native bridge
      * translates it to. Otherwise, returns the ISA as is. This is the ISA that the app is actually
      * launched with and therefore the ISA that should be used to compile the app.
      */
     @NonNull
     private static String getTranslatedIsa(@NonNull String isa) {
         String abi64 = Constants.getNative64BitAbi();
         String abi32 = Constants.getNative32BitAbi();
         if ((abi64 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi64)))
                 || (abi32 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi32)))) {
             return isa;
         }
         String translatedIsa = SystemProperties.get("ro.dalvik.vm.isa." + isa);
         if (TextUtils.isEmpty(translatedIsa)) {
             throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Unsupported isa '%s'", isa));
         }
         return translatedIsa;
     }

     @NonNull
     private static String nativeIsaToAbi(@NonNull String isa) {
         String abi64 = Constants.getNative64BitAbi();
         if (abi64 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi64))) {
             return abi64;
         }
         String abi32 = Constants.getNative32BitAbi();
         if (abi32 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi32))) {
             return abi32;
         }
         throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Non-native isa '%s'", isa));
     }

     private static boolean isNativeAbi(@NonNull String abiName) {
         return abiName.equals(Constants.getNative64BitAbi())
                 || abiName.equals(Constants.getNative32BitAbi());
     }

     /**
      * Returns whether the artifacts of the primary dex files should be in the global dalvik-cache
      * directory.
      *
      * This method is not needed for secondary dex files because they are always in writable
      * locations.
      */
     @NonNull
     public static boolean isInDalvikCache(@NonNull PackageState pkgState, @NonNull IArtd artd)
             throws RemoteException {
         try {
             return artd.isInDalvikCache(pkgState.getAndroidPackage().getSplits().get(0).getPath());
         } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
             // This should never happen. Ignore the error and conservatively use dalvik-cache to
             // minimize the risk.
             // TODO(jiakaiz): Throw the error instead of ignoring it.
             Log.e(TAG, "Failed to determine the location of the artifacts", e);
             return true;
         }
     }

     /** Returns true if the given string is a valid compiler filter. */
     public static boolean isValidArtServiceCompilerFilter(@NonNull String compilerFilter) {
         if (compilerFilter.equals(DexoptParams.COMPILER_FILTER_NOOP)) {
             return true;
         }
         return DexFile.isValidCompilerFilter(compilerFilter);
     }

     public static boolean implies(boolean cond1, boolean cond2) {
         return cond1 ? cond2 : true;
     }

     public static void check(boolean cond) {
         // This cannot be replaced with `assert` because `assert` is not enabled in Android.
         if (!cond) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("Check failed");
         }
     }

     @NonNull
     public static PackageState getPackageStateOrThrow(
             @NonNull PackageManagerLocal.FilteredSnapshot snapshot, @NonNull String packageName) {
         PackageState pkgState = snapshot.getPackageState(packageName);
         if (pkgState == null) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Package not found: " + packageName);
         }
         return pkgState;
     }

     @NonNull
     public static AndroidPackage getPackageOrThrow(@NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
         AndroidPackage pkg = pkgState.getAndroidPackage();
         if (pkg == null) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                     "Unable to get package " + pkgState.getPackageName());
         }
         return pkg;
     }

     @NonNull
     public static String assertNonEmpty(@Nullable String str) {
         if (TextUtils.isEmpty(str)) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException();
         }
         return str;
     }

     public static void executeAndWait(@NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull Runnable runnable) {
         getFuture(CompletableFuture.runAsync(runnable, executor));
     }

     public static <T> T executeAndWait(@NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull Supplier<T> supplier) {
         return getFuture(CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(supplier, executor));
     }

     public static <T> T getFuture(Future<T> future) {
         try {
             return future.get();
         } catch (ExecutionException e) {
             Throwable cause = e.getCause();
             if (cause instanceof RuntimeException) {
                 throw (RuntimeException) cause;
             }
             throw new RuntimeException(cause);
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Returns true if the given package is dexoptable.
      *
      * @param appHibernationManager the {@link AppHibernationManager} instance for checking
      *         hibernation status, or null to skip the check
      */
     public static boolean canDexoptPackage(
             @NonNull PackageState pkgState, @Nullable AppHibernationManager appHibernationManager) {
         if (!PackageStateModulesUtils.isDexoptable(pkgState)) {
             return false;
         }

         // We do not dexopt unused packages.
         // If `appHibernationManager` is null, the caller's intention is to skip the check.
         if (appHibernationManager != null
                 && shouldSkipDexoptDueToHibernation(pkgState, appHibernationManager)) {
             return false;
         }

         return true;
     }

     public static boolean shouldSkipDexoptDueToHibernation(
             @NonNull PackageState pkgState, @NonNull AppHibernationManager appHibernationManager) {
         return appHibernationManager.isHibernatingGlobally(pkgState.getPackageName())
                 && appHibernationManager.isOatArtifactDeletionEnabled();
     }

     public static long getPackageLastActiveTime(@NonNull PackageState pkgState,
             @NonNull DexUseManagerLocal dexUseManager, @NonNull UserManager userManager) {
         long lastUsedAtMs = dexUseManager.getPackageLastUsedAtMs(pkgState.getPackageName());
         // The time where the last user installed the package the first time.
         long lastFirstInstallTimeMs =
                 userManager.getUserHandles(true /* excludeDying */)
                         .stream()
                         .map(handle -> pkgState.getStateForUser(handle))
                         .map(userState -> userState.getFirstInstallTimeMillis())
                         .max(Long::compare)
                         .orElse(0l);
         return Math.max(lastUsedAtMs, lastFirstInstallTimeMs);
     }

     public static void deleteIfExistsSafe(@Nullable File file) {
         if (file != null) {
             deleteIfExistsSafe(file.toPath());
         }
     }

     public static void deleteIfExistsSafe(@NonNull Path path) {
         try {
             Files.deleteIfExists(path);
         } catch (IOException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "Failed to delete file '" + path + "'", e);
         }
     }

     public static boolean isSystemUiPackage(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull String packageName) {
         return packageName.equals(context.getString(R.string.config_systemUi));
     }

     public static boolean isLauncherPackage(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull String packageName) {
         RoleManager roleManager = context.getSystemService(RoleManager.class);
         return roleManager.getRoleHolders(RoleManager.ROLE_HOME).contains(packageName);
     }

     /**
      * Gets the existing reference profile if one exists, or initializes a reference profile from an
      * external profile.
      *
      * If the reference profile is initialized from an external profile, the returned profile path
      * will be a {@link TmpProfilePath}. It's the callers responsibility to either commit it to the
      * final location by calling {@link IArtd#commitTmpProfile} or clean it up by calling {@link
      * IArtd#deleteProfile}.
      *
      * Note: "External profile" means profiles that are external to the device, as opposed to local
      * profiles, which are collected on the device. An embedded profile (a profile embedded in the
      * dex file) is also an external profile.
      *
      * @param dexPath the path to the dex file that the profile is checked against
      * @param refProfile the path where an existing reference profile would be found, if present
      * @param externalProfiles a list of external profiles to initialize the reference profile from,
      *         in the order of preference
      * @param initOutput the final location to initialize the reference profile to
      */
     @NonNull
     public static InitProfileResult getOrInitReferenceProfile(@NonNull IArtd artd,
             @NonNull String dexPath, @NonNull ProfilePath refProfile,
             @NonNull List<ProfilePath> externalProfiles, @NonNull OutputProfile initOutput)
             throws RemoteException {
         try {
             if (artd.isProfileUsable(refProfile, dexPath)) {
                 boolean isOtherReadable =
                         artd.getProfileVisibility(refProfile) == FileVisibility.OTHER_READABLE;
                 return InitProfileResult.create(
                         refProfile, isOtherReadable, List.of() /* externalProfileErrors */);
             }
         } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
             Log.e(TAG,
                     "Failed to use the existing reference profile "
                             + AidlUtils.toString(refProfile),
                     e);
         }

         return initReferenceProfile(artd, dexPath, externalProfiles, initOutput);
     }

     /**
      * Similar to above, but never uses an existing profile.
      *
      * The {@link InitProfileResult#isOtherReadable} field is always set to true. The profile
      * returned by this method is initialized from an external profile, meaning it has no user data,
      * so it's always readable by others.
      */
     @Nullable
     public static InitProfileResult initReferenceProfile(@NonNull IArtd artd,
             @NonNull String dexPath, @NonNull List<ProfilePath> externalProfiles,
             @NonNull OutputProfile output) throws RemoteException {
         // Each element is a pair of a profile name (for logging) and the corresponding initializer.
         // The order matters. Non-embedded profiles should take precedence.
         List<Pair<String, ProfileInitializer>> profileInitializers = new ArrayList<>();
         for (ProfilePath profile : externalProfiles) {
             // If the profile path is a PrebuiltProfilePath, and the APK is really a prebuilt
             // one, rewriting the profile is unnecessary because the dex location is known at
             // build time and is correctly set in the profile header. However, the APK can also
             // be an installed one, in which case partners may place a profile file next to the
             // APK at install time. Rewriting the profile in the latter case is necessary.
             profileInitializers.add(Pair.create(AidlUtils.toString(profile),
                     () -> artd.copyAndRewriteProfile(profile, output, dexPath)));
         }
         profileInitializers.add(Pair.create(
                 "embedded profile", () -> artd.copyAndRewriteEmbeddedProfile(output, dexPath)));

         List<String> externalProfileErrors = new ArrayList<>();
         for (var pair : profileInitializers) {
             try {
                 CopyAndRewriteProfileResult result = pair.second.get();
                 if (result.status == CopyAndRewriteProfileResult.Status.SUCCESS) {
                     return InitProfileResult.create(ProfilePath.tmpProfilePath(output.profilePath),
                             true /* isOtherReadable */, externalProfileErrors);
                 }
                 if (result.status == CopyAndRewriteProfileResult.Status.BAD_PROFILE) {
                     externalProfileErrors.add(result.errorMsg);
                 }
             } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize profile from " + pair.first, e);
             }
         }

         return InitProfileResult.create(
                 null /* profile */, true /* isOtherReadable */, externalProfileErrors);
     }

     public static void logArtdException(@NonNull RemoteException e) {
         String message = "An error occurred when calling artd";
         if (e instanceof DeadObjectException) {
             // We assume that `DeadObjectException` only happens in two cases:
             // 1. artd crashed, in which case a native stack trace was logged.
             // 2. artd was killed before system server during device shutdown, in which case the
             //    exception is expected.
             // In either case, we don't need to surface the exception from here.
             // The Java stack trace is intentionally omitted because it's not helpful.
             Log.e(TAG, message);
         } else {
             // Not expected. Log wtf to surface it.
             Slog.wtf(TAG, message, e);
         }
     }

     public static boolean isSystemOrRootOrShell() {
         int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
         return uid == Process.SYSTEM_UID || uid == Process.ROOT_UID || uid == Process.SHELL_UID;
     }

     @AutoValue
     public abstract static class Abi {
         static @NonNull Abi create(
                 @NonNull String name, @NonNull String isa, boolean isPrimaryAbi) {
             return new AutoValue_Utils_Abi(name, isa, isPrimaryAbi);
         }

         // The ABI name. E.g., "arm64-v8a".
         abstract @NonNull String name();

         // The instruction set name. E.g., "arm64".
         abstract @NonNull String isa();

         abstract boolean isPrimaryAbi();
     }

     public static class Tracing implements AutoCloseable {
         public Tracing(@NonNull String methodName) {
             Trace.traceBegin(TRACE_TAG_DALVIK, methodName);
         }

         @Override
         public void close() {
             Trace.traceEnd(TRACE_TAG_DALVIK);
         }
     }

     public static class TracingWithTimingLogging extends Tracing {
         @NonNull private final String mTag;
         @NonNull private final String mMethodName;
         @NonNull private final long mStartTimeMs;

         public TracingWithTimingLogging(@NonNull String tag, @NonNull String methodName) {
             super(methodName);
             mTag = tag;
             mMethodName = methodName;
             mStartTimeMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
             Log.d(tag, methodName);
         }

         @Override
         public void close() {
             Log.d(mTag,
                     mMethodName + " took to complete: "
                             + (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - mStartTimeMs) + "ms");
             super.close();
         }
     }

     /** The result of {@link #getOrInitReferenceProfile} and {@link #initReferenceProfile}. */
     @AutoValue
     @SuppressWarnings("AutoValueImmutableFields") // Can't use ImmutableList because it's in Guava.
     public abstract static class InitProfileResult {
         static @NonNull InitProfileResult create(@Nullable ProfilePath profile,
                 boolean isOtherReadable, @NonNull List<String> externalProfileErrors) {
             return new AutoValue_Utils_InitProfileResult(
                     profile, isOtherReadable, Collections.unmodifiableList(externalProfileErrors));
         }

         /**
          * The found or initialized profile, or null if there is no reference profile or external
          * profile to use.
          */
         abstract @Nullable ProfilePath profile();

         /**
          * Whether the profile is readable by others.
          *
          * If {@link #profile} returns null, this field is always true.
          */
         abstract boolean isOtherReadable();

         /** Errors encountered when initializing from external profiles. */
         abstract @NonNull List<String> externalProfileErrors();
     }

     @FunctionalInterface
     private interface ProfileInitializer {
         CopyAndRewriteProfileResult get() throws RemoteException;
     }
 }
	/*
	* Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
	*
	* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	* You may obtain a copy of the License at
	*
	* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	*
	* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	* limitations under the License.
	*/

	package com.android.server.art;

	import static com.android.server.art.ProfilePath.TmpProfilePath;

	import android.R;
	import android.annotation.NonNull;
	import android.annotation.Nullable;
	import android.app.role.RoleManager;
	import android.apphibernation.AppHibernationManager;
	import android.content.Context;
	import android.os.Binder;
	import android.os.Build;
	import android.os.DeadObjectException;
	import android.os.Process;
	import android.os.RemoteException;
	import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
	import android.os.SystemClock;
	import android.os.SystemProperties;
	import android.os.Trace;
	import android.os.UserManager;
	import android.text.TextUtils;
	import android.util.Log;
	import android.util.Pair;
	import android.util.Slog;
	import android.util.SparseArray;

	import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;

	import com.android.modules.utils.pm.PackageStateModulesUtils;
	import com.android.server.art.model.DexoptParams;
	import com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerLocal;
	import com.android.server.pm.pkg.AndroidPackage;
	import com.android.server.pm.pkg.PackageState;

	import dalvik.system.DexFile;
	import dalvik.system.VMRuntime;

	import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;

	import java.io.File;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.nio.file.Files;
	import java.nio.file.Path;
	import java.util.ArrayList;
	import java.util.Collection;
	import java.util.Collections;
	import java.util.Comparator;
	import java.util.List;
	import java.util.Set;
	import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
	import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
	import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
	import java.util.concurrent.Future;
	import java.util.function.Supplier;
	import java.util.stream.Collectors;

	/** @hide */
	@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
	public final class Utils {
	public static final String TAG = ArtManagerLocal.TAG;
	public static final String PLATFORM_PACKAGE_NAME = "android";

	/** A copy of {@link android.os.Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK}. */
	private static final long TRACE_TAG_DALVIK = 1L << 14;

	private Utils() {}

	/**
	* Checks if given array is null or has zero elements.
	*/
	public static <T> boolean isEmpty(@Nullable Collection<T> array) {
	return array == null \|\| array.isEmpty();
	}

	/**
	* Checks if given array is null or has zero elements.
	*/
	public static <T> boolean isEmpty(@Nullable SparseArray<T> array) {
	return array == null \|\| array.size() == 0;
	}

	/**
	* Checks if given array is null or has zero elements.
	*/
	public static boolean isEmpty(@Nullable int[] array) {
	return array == null \|\| array.length == 0;
	}

	/** Returns the ABI information for the package. The primary ABI comes first. */
	@NonNull
	public static List<Abi> getAllAbis(@NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
	List<Abi> abis = new ArrayList<>();
	abis.add(getPrimaryAbi(pkgState));
	String pkgPrimaryCpuAbi = pkgState.getPrimaryCpuAbi();
	String pkgSecondaryCpuAbi = pkgState.getSecondaryCpuAbi();
	if (pkgSecondaryCpuAbi != null) {
	Utils.check(pkgState.getPrimaryCpuAbi() != null);
	String isa = getTranslatedIsa(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(pkgSecondaryCpuAbi));
	abis.add(Abi.create(nativeIsaToAbi(isa), isa, false /* isPrimaryAbi */));
	}
	// Primary and secondary ABIs should be guaranteed to have different ISAs.
	if (abis.size() == 2 && abis.get(0).isa().equals(abis.get(1).isa())) {
	throw new IllegalStateException(String.format(
	"Duplicate ISA: primary ABI '%s' ('%s'), secondary ABI '%s' ('%s')",
	pkgPrimaryCpuAbi, abis.get(0).name(), pkgSecondaryCpuAbi, abis.get(1).name()));
	}
	return abis;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the ABI information for the ABIs with the given names. The primary ABI comes first,
	* if given.
	*/
	@NonNull
	public static List<Abi> getAllAbisForNames(
	@NonNull Set<String> abiNames, @NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
	Utils.check(abiNames.stream().allMatch(Utils::isNativeAbi));
	Abi pkgPrimaryAbi = getPrimaryAbi(pkgState);
	return abiNames.stream()
	.map(name
	-> Abi.create(name, VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(name),
	name.equals(pkgPrimaryAbi.name())))
	.sorted(Comparator.comparing(Abi::isPrimaryAbi).reversed())
	.collect(Collectors.toList());
	}

	@NonNull
	public static Abi getPrimaryAbi(@NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
	String primaryCpuAbi = pkgState.getPrimaryCpuAbi();
	if (primaryCpuAbi != null) {
	String isa = getTranslatedIsa(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(primaryCpuAbi));
	return Abi.create(nativeIsaToAbi(isa), isa, true /* isPrimaryAbi */);
	}
	// This is the most common case. The package manager can't infer the ABIs, probably because
	// the package doesn't contain any native library. The app is launched with the device's
	// preferred ABI.
	String preferredAbi = Constants.getPreferredAbi();
	Utils.check(isNativeAbi(preferredAbi));
	return Abi.create(
	preferredAbi, VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(preferredAbi), true /* isPrimaryAbi */);
	}

	/**
	* If the given ISA isn't native to the device, returns the ISA that the native bridge
	* translates it to. Otherwise, returns the ISA as is. This is the ISA that the app is actually
	* launched with and therefore the ISA that should be used to compile the app.
	*/
	@NonNull
	private static String getTranslatedIsa(@NonNull String isa) {
	String abi64 = Constants.getNative64BitAbi();
	String abi32 = Constants.getNative32BitAbi();
	if ((abi64 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi64)))
	\|\| (abi32 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi32)))) {
	return isa;
	}
	String translatedIsa = SystemProperties.get("ro.dalvik.vm.isa." + isa);
	if (TextUtils.isEmpty(translatedIsa)) {
	throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Unsupported isa '%s'", isa));
	}
	return translatedIsa;
	}

	@NonNull
	private static String nativeIsaToAbi(@NonNull String isa) {
	String abi64 = Constants.getNative64BitAbi();
	if (abi64 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi64))) {
	return abi64;
	}
	String abi32 = Constants.getNative32BitAbi();
	if (abi32 != null && isa.equals(VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(abi32))) {
	return abi32;
	}
	throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Non-native isa '%s'", isa));
	}

	private static boolean isNativeAbi(@NonNull String abiName) {
	return abiName.equals(Constants.getNative64BitAbi())
	\|\| abiName.equals(Constants.getNative32BitAbi());
	}

	/**
	* Returns whether the artifacts of the primary dex files should be in the global dalvik-cache
	* directory.
	*
	* This method is not needed for secondary dex files because they are always in writable
	* locations.
	*/
	@NonNull
	public static boolean isInDalvikCache(@NonNull PackageState pkgState, @NonNull IArtd artd)
	throws RemoteException {
	try {
	return artd.isInDalvikCache(pkgState.getAndroidPackage().getSplits().get(0).getPath());
	} catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
	// This should never happen. Ignore the error and conservatively use dalvik-cache to
	// minimize the risk.
	// TODO(jiakaiz): Throw the error instead of ignoring it.
	Log.e(TAG, "Failed to determine the location of the artifacts", e);
	return true;
	}
	}

	/** Returns true if the given string is a valid compiler filter. */
	public static boolean isValidArtServiceCompilerFilter(@NonNull String compilerFilter) {
	if (compilerFilter.equals(DexoptParams.COMPILER_FILTER_NOOP)) {
	return true;
	}
	return DexFile.isValidCompilerFilter(compilerFilter);
	}

	public static boolean implies(boolean cond1, boolean cond2) {
	return cond1 ? cond2 : true;
	}

	public static void check(boolean cond) {
	// This cannot be replaced with `assert` because `assert` is not enabled in Android.
	if (!cond) {
	throw new IllegalStateException("Check failed");
	}
	}

	@NonNull
	public static PackageState getPackageStateOrThrow(
	@NonNull PackageManagerLocal.FilteredSnapshot snapshot, @NonNull String packageName) {
	PackageState pkgState = snapshot.getPackageState(packageName);
	if (pkgState == null) {
	throw new IllegalArgumentException("Package not found: " + packageName);
	}
	return pkgState;
	}

	@NonNull
	public static AndroidPackage getPackageOrThrow(@NonNull PackageState pkgState) {
	AndroidPackage pkg = pkgState.getAndroidPackage();
	if (pkg == null) {
	throw new IllegalArgumentException(
	"Unable to get package " + pkgState.getPackageName());
	}
	return pkg;
	}

	@NonNull
	public static String assertNonEmpty(@Nullable String str) {
	if (TextUtils.isEmpty(str)) {
	throw new IllegalArgumentException();
	}
	return str;
	}

	public static void executeAndWait(@NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull Runnable runnable) {
	getFuture(CompletableFuture.runAsync(runnable, executor));
	}

	public static <T> T executeAndWait(@NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull Supplier<T> supplier) {
	return getFuture(CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(supplier, executor));
	}

	public static <T> T getFuture(Future<T> future) {
	try {
	return future.get();
	} catch (ExecutionException e) {
	Throwable cause = e.getCause();
	if (cause instanceof RuntimeException) {
	throw (RuntimeException) cause;
	}
	throw new RuntimeException(cause);
	} catch (InterruptedException e) {
	throw new RuntimeException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Returns true if the given package is dexoptable.
	*
	* @param appHibernationManager the {@link AppHibernationManager} instance for checking
	* hibernation status, or null to skip the check
	*/
	public static boolean canDexoptPackage(
	@NonNull PackageState pkgState, @Nullable AppHibernationManager appHibernationManager) {
	if (!PackageStateModulesUtils.isDexoptable(pkgState)) {
	return false;
	}

	// We do not dexopt unused packages.
	// If `appHibernationManager` is null, the caller's intention is to skip the check.
	if (appHibernationManager != null
	&& shouldSkipDexoptDueToHibernation(pkgState, appHibernationManager)) {
	return false;
	}

	return true;
	}

	public static boolean shouldSkipDexoptDueToHibernation(
	@NonNull PackageState pkgState, @NonNull AppHibernationManager appHibernationManager) {
	return appHibernationManager.isHibernatingGlobally(pkgState.getPackageName())
	&& appHibernationManager.isOatArtifactDeletionEnabled();
	}

	public static long getPackageLastActiveTime(@NonNull PackageState pkgState,
	@NonNull DexUseManagerLocal dexUseManager, @NonNull UserManager userManager) {
	long lastUsedAtMs = dexUseManager.getPackageLastUsedAtMs(pkgState.getPackageName());
	// The time where the last user installed the package the first time.
	long lastFirstInstallTimeMs =
	userManager.getUserHandles(true /* excludeDying */)
	.stream()
	.map(handle -> pkgState.getStateForUser(handle))
	.map(userState -> userState.getFirstInstallTimeMillis())
	.max(Long::compare)
	.orElse(0l);
	return Math.max(lastUsedAtMs, lastFirstInstallTimeMs);
	}

	public static void deleteIfExistsSafe(@Nullable File file) {
	if (file != null) {
	deleteIfExistsSafe(file.toPath());
	}
	}

	public static void deleteIfExistsSafe(@NonNull Path path) {
	try {
	Files.deleteIfExists(path);
	} catch (IOException e) {
	Log.e(TAG, "Failed to delete file '" + path + "'", e);
	}
	}

	public static boolean isSystemUiPackage(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull String packageName) {
	return packageName.equals(context.getString(R.string.config_systemUi));
	}

	public static boolean isLauncherPackage(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull String packageName) {
	RoleManager roleManager = context.getSystemService(RoleManager.class);
	return roleManager.getRoleHolders(RoleManager.ROLE_HOME).contains(packageName);
	}

	/**
	* Gets the existing reference profile if one exists, or initializes a reference profile from an
	* external profile.
	*
	* If the reference profile is initialized from an external profile, the returned profile path
	* will be a {@link TmpProfilePath}. It's the callers responsibility to either commit it to the
	* final location by calling {@link IArtd#commitTmpProfile} or clean it up by calling {@link
	* IArtd#deleteProfile}.
	*
	* Note: "External profile" means profiles that are external to the device, as opposed to local
	* profiles, which are collected on the device. An embedded profile (a profile embedded in the
	* dex file) is also an external profile.
	*
	* @param dexPath the path to the dex file that the profile is checked against
	* @param refProfile the path where an existing reference profile would be found, if present
	* @param externalProfiles a list of external profiles to initialize the reference profile from,
	* in the order of preference
	* @param initOutput the final location to initialize the reference profile to
	*/
	@NonNull
	public static InitProfileResult getOrInitReferenceProfile(@NonNull IArtd artd,
	@NonNull String dexPath, @NonNull ProfilePath refProfile,
	@NonNull List<ProfilePath> externalProfiles, @NonNull OutputProfile initOutput)
	throws RemoteException {
	try {
	if (artd.isProfileUsable(refProfile, dexPath)) {
	boolean isOtherReadable =
	artd.getProfileVisibility(refProfile) == FileVisibility.OTHER_READABLE;
	return InitProfileResult.create(
	refProfile, isOtherReadable, List.of() /* externalProfileErrors */);
	}
	} catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
	Log.e(TAG,
	"Failed to use the existing reference profile "
	+ AidlUtils.toString(refProfile),
	e);
	}

	return initReferenceProfile(artd, dexPath, externalProfiles, initOutput);
	}

	/**
	* Similar to above, but never uses an existing profile.
	*
	* The {@link InitProfileResult#isOtherReadable} field is always set to true. The profile
	* returned by this method is initialized from an external profile, meaning it has no user data,
	* so it's always readable by others.
	*/
	@Nullable
	public static InitProfileResult initReferenceProfile(@NonNull IArtd artd,
	@NonNull String dexPath, @NonNull List<ProfilePath> externalProfiles,
	@NonNull OutputProfile output) throws RemoteException {
	// Each element is a pair of a profile name (for logging) and the corresponding initializer.
	// The order matters. Non-embedded profiles should take precedence.
	List<Pair<String, ProfileInitializer>> profileInitializers = new ArrayList<>();
	for (ProfilePath profile : externalProfiles) {
	// If the profile path is a PrebuiltProfilePath, and the APK is really a prebuilt
	// one, rewriting the profile is unnecessary because the dex location is known at
	// build time and is correctly set in the profile header. However, the APK can also
	// be an installed one, in which case partners may place a profile file next to the
	// APK at install time. Rewriting the profile in the latter case is necessary.
	profileInitializers.add(Pair.create(AidlUtils.toString(profile),
	() -> artd.copyAndRewriteProfile(profile, output, dexPath)));
	}
	profileInitializers.add(Pair.create(
	"embedded profile", () -> artd.copyAndRewriteEmbeddedProfile(output, dexPath)));

	List<String> externalProfileErrors = new ArrayList<>();
	for (var pair : profileInitializers) {
	try {
	CopyAndRewriteProfileResult result = pair.second.get();
	if (result.status == CopyAndRewriteProfileResult.Status.SUCCESS) {
	return InitProfileResult.create(ProfilePath.tmpProfilePath(output.profilePath),
	true /* isOtherReadable */, externalProfileErrors);
	}
	if (result.status == CopyAndRewriteProfileResult.Status.BAD_PROFILE) {
	externalProfileErrors.add(result.errorMsg);
	}
	} catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
	Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize profile from " + pair.first, e);
	}
	}

	return InitProfileResult.create(
	null /* profile /, true / isOtherReadable */, externalProfileErrors);
	}

	public static void logArtdException(@NonNull RemoteException e) {
	String message = "An error occurred when calling artd";
	if (e instanceof DeadObjectException) {
	// We assume that `DeadObjectException` only happens in two cases:
	// 1. artd crashed, in which case a native stack trace was logged.
	// 2. artd was killed before system server during device shutdown, in which case the
	// exception is expected.
	// In either case, we don't need to surface the exception from here.
	// The Java stack trace is intentionally omitted because it's not helpful.
	Log.e(TAG, message);
	} else {
	// Not expected. Log wtf to surface it.
	Slog.wtf(TAG, message, e);
	}
	}

	public static boolean isSystemOrRootOrShell() {
	int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
	return uid == Process.SYSTEM_UID \|\| uid == Process.ROOT_UID \|\| uid == Process.SHELL_UID;
	}

	@AutoValue
	public abstract static class Abi {
	static @NonNull Abi create(
	@NonNull String name, @NonNull String isa, boolean isPrimaryAbi) {
	return new AutoValue_Utils_Abi(name, isa, isPrimaryAbi);
	}

	// The ABI name. E.g., "arm64-v8a".
	abstract @NonNull String name();

	// The instruction set name. E.g., "arm64".
	abstract @NonNull String isa();

	abstract boolean isPrimaryAbi();
	}

	public static class Tracing implements AutoCloseable {
	public Tracing(@NonNull String methodName) {
	Trace.traceBegin(TRACE_TAG_DALVIK, methodName);
	}

	@Override
	public void close() {
	Trace.traceEnd(TRACE_TAG_DALVIK);
	}
	}

	public static class TracingWithTimingLogging extends Tracing {
	@NonNull private final String mTag;
	@NonNull private final String mMethodName;
	@NonNull private final long mStartTimeMs;

	public TracingWithTimingLogging(@NonNull String tag, @NonNull String methodName) {
	super(methodName);
	mTag = tag;
	mMethodName = methodName;
	mStartTimeMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
	Log.d(tag, methodName);
	}

	@Override
	public void close() {
	Log.d(mTag,
	mMethodName + " took to complete: "
	+ (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - mStartTimeMs) + "ms");
	super.close();
	}
	}

	/** The result of {@link #getOrInitReferenceProfile} and {@link #initReferenceProfile}. */
	@AutoValue
	@SuppressWarnings("AutoValueImmutableFields") // Can't use ImmutableList because it's in Guava.
	public abstract static class InitProfileResult {
	static @NonNull InitProfileResult create(@Nullable ProfilePath profile,
	boolean isOtherReadable, @NonNull List<String> externalProfileErrors) {
	return new AutoValue_Utils_InitProfileResult(
	profile, isOtherReadable, Collections.unmodifiableList(externalProfileErrors));
	}

	/**
	* The found or initialized profile, or null if there is no reference profile or external
	* profile to use.
	*/
	abstract @Nullable ProfilePath profile();

	/**
	* Whether the profile is readable by others.
	*
	* If {@link #profile} returns null, this field is always true.
	*/
	abstract boolean isOtherReadable();

	/** Errors encountered when initializing from external profiles. */
	abstract @NonNull List<String> externalProfileErrors();
	}

	@FunctionalInterface
	private interface ProfileInitializer {
	CopyAndRewriteProfileResult get() throws RemoteException;
	}
	}