diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
index 5cbcf9f..a417837 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
@@ -1001,7 +1001,7 @@
     // These traces are always enabled, i.e. they are always pre-dumped
     const std::vector<std::filesystem::path> uiTraces = {
         std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/transactions_trace.winscope"},
-        std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/transition_trace.winscope"},
+        std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/wm_transition_trace.winscope"},
         std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/shell_transition_trace.winscope"},
     };
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ActivityManager.cpp b/libs/binder/ActivityManager.cpp
index e45a656..aca5009 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ActivityManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ActivityManager.cpp
@@ -75,6 +75,20 @@
     return DEAD_OBJECT;
 }
 
+status_t ActivityManager::registerUidObserverForUids(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer,
+                                                     const int32_t event, const int32_t cutpoint,
+                                                     const String16& callingPackage,
+                                                     const int32_t uids[], size_t nUids,
+                                                     /*out*/ sp<IBinder>& observerToken) {
+    sp<IActivityManager> service = getService();
+    if (service != nullptr) {
+        return service->registerUidObserverForUids(observer, event, cutpoint, callingPackage, uids,
+                                                   nUids, observerToken);
+    }
+    // ActivityManagerService appears dead. Return usual error code for dead service.
+    return DEAD_OBJECT;
+}
+
 status_t ActivityManager::unregisterUidObserver(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer)
 {
     sp<IActivityManager> service = getService();
@@ -85,6 +99,26 @@
     return DEAD_OBJECT;
 }
 
+status_t ActivityManager::addUidToObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken,
+                                           const String16& callingPackage, int32_t uid) {
+    sp<IActivityManager> service = getService();
+    if (service != nullptr) {
+        return service->addUidToObserver(observerToken, callingPackage, uid);
+    }
+    // ActivityManagerService appears dead. Return usual error code for dead service.
+    return DEAD_OBJECT;
+}
+
+status_t ActivityManager::removeUidFromObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken,
+                                                const String16& callingPackage, int32_t uid) {
+    sp<IActivityManager> service = getService();
+    if (service != nullptr) {
+        return service->removeUidFromObserver(observerToken, callingPackage, uid);
+    }
+    // ActivityManagerService appears dead. Return usual error code for dead service.
+    return DEAD_OBJECT;
+}
+
 bool ActivityManager::isUidActive(const uid_t uid, const String16& callingPackage)
 {
     sp<IActivityManager> service = getService();
diff --git a/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp b/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp
index ebdaa4c..84900a7 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp
@@ -77,6 +77,30 @@
          return OK;
     }
 
+    virtual status_t registerUidObserverForUids(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer,
+                                                const int32_t event, const int32_t cutpoint,
+                                                const String16& callingPackage,
+                                                const int32_t uids[], size_t nUids,
+                                                /*out*/ sp<IBinder>& observerToken) {
+         Parcel data, reply;
+         data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager::getInterfaceDescriptor());
+         data.writeStrongBinder(IInterface::asBinder(observer));
+         data.writeInt32(event);
+         data.writeInt32(cutpoint);
+         data.writeString16(callingPackage);
+         data.writeInt32Array(nUids, uids);
+         status_t err =
+                 remote()->transact(REGISTER_UID_OBSERVER_FOR_UIDS_TRANSACTION, data, &reply);
+         if (err != NO_ERROR || ((err = reply.readExceptionCode()) != NO_ERROR)) {
+             return err;
+         }
+         err = reply.readStrongBinder(&observerToken);
+         if (err != NO_ERROR || ((err = reply.readExceptionCode()) != NO_ERROR)) {
+             return err;
+         }
+         return OK;
+    }
+
     virtual status_t unregisterUidObserver(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer)
     {
          Parcel data, reply;
@@ -89,6 +113,34 @@
          return OK;
     }
 
+    virtual status_t addUidToObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken,
+                                      const String16& callingPackage, int32_t uid) {
+         Parcel data, reply;
+         data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager::getInterfaceDescriptor());
+         data.writeStrongBinder(observerToken);
+         data.writeString16(callingPackage);
+         data.writeInt32(uid);
+         status_t err = remote()->transact(ADD_UID_TO_OBSERVER_TRANSACTION, data, &reply);
+         if (err != NO_ERROR || ((err = reply.readExceptionCode()) != NO_ERROR)) {
+             return err;
+         }
+         return OK;
+    }
+
+    virtual status_t removeUidFromObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken,
+                                           const String16& callingPackage, int32_t uid) {
+         Parcel data, reply;
+         data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager::getInterfaceDescriptor());
+         data.writeStrongBinder(observerToken);
+         data.writeString16(callingPackage);
+         data.writeInt32(uid);
+         status_t err = remote()->transact(REMOVE_UID_FROM_OBSERVER_TRANSACTION, data, &reply);
+         if (err != NO_ERROR || ((err = reply.readExceptionCode()) != NO_ERROR)) {
+             return err;
+         }
+         return OK;
+    }
+
     virtual bool isUidActive(const uid_t uid, const String16& callingPackage)
     {
          Parcel data, reply;
diff --git a/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/ActivityManager.h b/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/ActivityManager.h
index 5dfbd44..9c634c7 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/ActivityManager.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/ActivityManager.h
@@ -82,7 +82,15 @@
                              const int32_t event,
                              const int32_t cutpoint,
                              const String16& callingPackage);
+    status_t registerUidObserverForUids(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer, const int32_t event,
+                                        const int32_t cutpoint, const String16& callingPackage,
+                                        const int32_t uids[], size_t nUids,
+                                        /*out*/ sp<IBinder>& observerToken);
     status_t unregisterUidObserver(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer);
+    status_t addUidToObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken, const String16& callingPackage,
+                              int32_t uid);
+    status_t removeUidFromObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken, const String16& callingPackage,
+                                   int32_t uid);
     bool isUidActive(const uid_t uid, const String16& callingPackage);
     int getUidProcessState(const uid_t uid, const String16& callingPackage);
     status_t checkPermission(const String16& permission, const pid_t pid, const uid_t uid, int32_t* outResult);
diff --git a/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/IActivityManager.h b/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/IActivityManager.h
index 20d12ae..07450c6 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/IActivityManager.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include_activitymanager/binder/IActivityManager.h
@@ -35,7 +35,16 @@
                                      const int32_t event,
                                      const int32_t cutpoint,
                                      const String16& callingPackage) = 0;
+    virtual status_t registerUidObserverForUids(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer,
+                                                const int32_t event, const int32_t cutpoint,
+                                                const String16& callingPackage,
+                                                const int32_t uids[], size_t nUids,
+                                                /*out*/ sp<IBinder>& observerToken) = 0;
     virtual status_t unregisterUidObserver(const sp<IUidObserver>& observer) = 0;
+    virtual status_t addUidToObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken,
+                                      const String16& callingPackage, int32_t uid) = 0;
+    virtual status_t removeUidFromObserver(const sp<IBinder>& observerToken,
+                                           const String16& callingPackage, int32_t uid) = 0;
     virtual bool isUidActive(const uid_t uid, const String16& callingPackage) = 0;
     virtual int32_t getUidProcessState(const uid_t uid, const String16& callingPackage) = 0;
     virtual status_t checkPermission(const String16& permission,
@@ -51,6 +60,9 @@
         OPEN_CONTENT_URI_TRANSACTION = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
         REGISTER_UID_OBSERVER_TRANSACTION,
         UNREGISTER_UID_OBSERVER_TRANSACTION,
+        REGISTER_UID_OBSERVER_FOR_UIDS_TRANSACTION,
+        ADD_UID_TO_OBSERVER_TRANSACTION,
+        REMOVE_UID_FROM_OBSERVER_TRANSACTION,
         IS_UID_ACTIVE_TRANSACTION,
         GET_UID_PROCESS_STATE_TRANSACTION,
         CHECK_PERMISSION_TRANSACTION,
diff --git a/libs/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.cpp b/libs/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.cpp
index c480056..5fbae3c 100644
--- a/libs/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.cpp
+++ b/libs/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.cpp
@@ -433,61 +433,24 @@
     return (mUseAngle == YES) ? true : false;
 }
 
-bool GraphicsEnv::angleIsSystemDriver() {
-    // Make sure we are init'ed
-    if (mAngleAppName.empty()) {
-        ALOGV("App name is empty. setAngleInfo() has not been called to enable ANGLE.");
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return (mAngleIsSystemDriver == YES) ? true : false;
-}
-
-bool GraphicsEnv::shouldForceLegacyDriver() {
-    // Make sure we are init'ed
-    if (mAngleAppName.empty()) {
-        ALOGV("App name is empty. setAngleInfo() has not been called to enable ANGLE.");
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return (mAngleIsSystemDriver == YES && mUseAngle == NO) ? true : false;
-}
-
-std::string GraphicsEnv::getLegacySuffix() {
-    return mLegacyDriverSuffix;
-}
-
 void GraphicsEnv::updateUseAngle() {
-    mUseAngle = NO;
-
     const char* ANGLE_PREFER_ANGLE = "angle";
-    const char* ANGLE_PREFER_LEGACY = "legacy";
-    // The following is a deprecated version of "legacy"
     const char* ANGLE_PREFER_NATIVE = "native";
 
     mUseAngle = NO;
     if (mAngleDeveloperOptIn == ANGLE_PREFER_ANGLE) {
-        ALOGI("Using ANGLE, the %s GLES driver for package '%s'",
-              mAngleIsSystemDriver == YES ? "system" : "optional", mAngleAppName.c_str());
+        ALOGV("User set \"Developer Options\" to force the use of ANGLE");
         mUseAngle = YES;
-    } else if (mAngleDeveloperOptIn == ANGLE_PREFER_LEGACY ||
-               mAngleDeveloperOptIn == ANGLE_PREFER_NATIVE) {
-        ALOGI("Using the (%s) Legacy GLES driver for package '%s'",
-              mAngleIsSystemDriver == YES ? "optional" : "system", mAngleAppName.c_str());
+    } else if (mAngleDeveloperOptIn == ANGLE_PREFER_NATIVE) {
+        ALOGV("User set \"Developer Options\" to force the use of Native");
     } else {
         ALOGV("User set invalid \"Developer Options\": '%s'", mAngleDeveloperOptIn.c_str());
     }
 }
 
 void GraphicsEnv::setAngleInfo(const std::string path, const std::string appName,
-                               const bool angleIsSystemDriver, const std::string developerOptIn,
+                               const std::string developerOptIn,
                                const std::vector<std::string> eglFeatures) {
-    // Set whether ANGLE is the system driver:
-    mAngleIsSystemDriver = angleIsSystemDriver ? YES : NO;
-
-    // Note: Given the current logic and lack of the old rules file processing,
-    // there seems to be little chance that mUseAngle != UNKNOWN.  Leave this
-    // for now, even though it seems outdated.
     if (mUseAngle != UNKNOWN) {
         // We've already figured out an answer for this app, so just return.
         ALOGV("Already evaluated the rules file for '%s': use ANGLE = %s", appName.c_str(),
@@ -508,25 +471,6 @@
     updateUseAngle();
 }
 
-void GraphicsEnv::setLegacyDriverInfo(const std::string appName, const bool angleIsSystemDriver,
-                                      const std::string legacyDriverName) {
-    ALOGV("setting legacy app name to '%s'", appName.c_str());
-    mAngleAppName = appName;
-
-    // Force the use of the legacy driver instead of ANGLE
-    const char* ANGLE_PREFER_LEGACY = "legacy";
-    mAngleDeveloperOptIn = ANGLE_PREFER_LEGACY;
-    ALOGV("setting ANGLE application opt-in to 'legacy'");
-
-    // Set whether ANGLE is the system driver:
-    mAngleIsSystemDriver = angleIsSystemDriver ? YES : NO;
-
-    mLegacyDriverSuffix = legacyDriverName;
-
-    // Update the current status of whether we should use ANGLE or not
-    updateUseAngle();
-}
-
 void GraphicsEnv::setLayerPaths(NativeLoaderNamespace* appNamespace, const std::string layerPaths) {
     if (mLayerPaths.empty()) {
         mLayerPaths = layerPaths;
diff --git a/libs/graphicsenv/include/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.h b/libs/graphicsenv/include/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.h
index 1274c46..f9b234a 100644
--- a/libs/graphicsenv/include/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.h
+++ b/libs/graphicsenv/include/graphicsenv/GraphicsEnv.h
@@ -100,28 +100,17 @@
     bool shouldUseAngle(std::string appName);
     // Check if this app process should use ANGLE.
     bool shouldUseAngle();
-    // If ANGLE is the system GLES driver
-    bool angleIsSystemDriver();
-    // If should use legacy driver instead of a system ANGLE driver
-    bool shouldForceLegacyDriver();
     // Set a search path for loading ANGLE libraries. The path is a list of
     // directories separated by ':'. A directory can be contained in a zip file
     // (libraries must be stored uncompressed and page aligned); such elements
     // in the search path must have a '!' after the zip filename, e.g.
     //     /system/app/ANGLEPrebuilt/ANGLEPrebuilt.apk!/lib/arm64-v8a
-    void setAngleInfo(const std::string path, const std::string appName,
-                      const bool angleIsSystemDriver, std::string devOptIn,
+    void setAngleInfo(const std::string path, const std::string appName, std::string devOptIn,
                       const std::vector<std::string> eglFeatures);
-    // Set the state so that the legacy driver will be used, and in case ANGLE
-    // is the system driver, provide the name of the legacy driver.
-    void setLegacyDriverInfo(const std::string appName, const bool angleIsSystemDriver,
-                             const std::string legacyDriverName);
     // Get the ANGLE driver namespace.
     android_namespace_t* getAngleNamespace();
     // Get the app name for ANGLE debug message.
     std::string& getAngleAppName();
-    // Get the legacy driver's suffix name.
-    std::string getLegacySuffix();
 
     const std::vector<std::string>& getAngleEglFeatures();
 
@@ -178,10 +167,6 @@
     std::string mAngleDeveloperOptIn;
     // ANGLE EGL features;
     std::vector<std::string> mAngleEglFeatures;
-    // ANGLE is System Driver flag.
-    UseAngle mAngleIsSystemDriver = UNKNOWN;
-    // Legacy driver name to use when ANGLE is the system driver.
-    std::string mLegacyDriverSuffix;
     // Use ANGLE flag.
     UseAngle mUseAngle = UNKNOWN;
     // Vulkan debug layers libs.
diff --git a/libs/gui/Android.bp b/libs/gui/Android.bp
index 0a63c15..80fed98 100644
--- a/libs/gui/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/gui/Android.bp
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@
         "android/gui/IWindowInfosListener.aidl",
         "android/gui/IWindowInfosReportedListener.aidl",
         "android/gui/WindowInfo.aidl",
+        "android/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.aidl",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -90,9 +91,11 @@
         "android/gui/InputApplicationInfo.aidl",
         "android/gui/IWindowInfosListener.aidl",
         "android/gui/IWindowInfosReportedListener.aidl",
+        "android/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.aidl",
         "android/gui/WindowInfo.aidl",
         "DisplayInfo.cpp",
         "WindowInfo.cpp",
+        "WindowInfosUpdate.cpp",
     ],
 
     shared_libs: [
@@ -223,6 +226,7 @@
         "ITransactionCompletedListener.cpp",
         "LayerDebugInfo.cpp",
         "LayerMetadata.cpp",
+        "LayerStatePermissions.cpp",
         "LayerState.cpp",
         "OccupancyTracker.cpp",
         "StreamSplitter.cpp",
diff --git a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
index cefb9a7..d72f65e 100644
--- a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     status_t setTransactionState(const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo,
                                  Vector<ComposerState>& state, const Vector<DisplayState>& displays,
                                  uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& applyToken,
-                                 const InputWindowCommands& commands, int64_t desiredPresentTime,
+                                 InputWindowCommands commands, int64_t desiredPresentTime,
                                  bool isAutoTimestamp,
                                  const std::vector<client_cache_t>& uncacheBuffers,
                                  bool hasListenerCallbacks,
@@ -188,9 +188,9 @@
             SAFE_PARCEL(data.readUint64, &transactionId);
 
             return setTransactionState(frameTimelineInfo, state, displays, stateFlags, applyToken,
-                                       inputWindowCommands, desiredPresentTime, isAutoTimestamp,
-                                       uncacheBuffers, hasListenerCallbacks, listenerCallbacks,
-                                       transactionId);
+                                       std::move(inputWindowCommands), desiredPresentTime,
+                                       isAutoTimestamp, uncacheBuffers, hasListenerCallbacks,
+                                       listenerCallbacks, transactionId);
         }
         default: {
             return BBinder::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
diff --git a/libs/gui/LayerStatePermissions.cpp b/libs/gui/LayerStatePermissions.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28697ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/gui/LayerStatePermissions.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
+#include <gui/LayerStatePermissions.h>
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+#ifndef __ANDROID_VNDK__
+#include <binder/PermissionCache.h>
+#endif // __ANDROID_VNDK__
+#include <gui/LayerState.h>
+
+namespace android {
+std::unordered_map<std::string, int> LayerStatePermissions::mPermissionMap = {
+        // If caller has ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER, they automatically get ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER
+        // permission, as well
+        {"android.permission.ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER",
+         layer_state_t::Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER |
+                 layer_state_t::Permission::ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER},
+        {"android.permission.ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER",
+         layer_state_t::Permission::ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER},
+        {"android.permission.INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW",
+         layer_state_t::Permission::INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW},
+};
+
+static bool callingThreadHasPermission(const std::string& permission __attribute__((unused)),
+                                       int pid __attribute__((unused)),
+                                       int uid __attribute__((unused))) {
+#ifndef __ANDROID_VNDK__
+    return uid == AID_GRAPHICS || uid == AID_SYSTEM ||
+            PermissionCache::checkPermission(String16(permission.c_str()), pid, uid);
+#endif // __ANDROID_VNDK__
+    return false;
+}
+
+uint32_t LayerStatePermissions::getTransactionPermissions(int pid, int uid) {
+    uint32_t permissions = 0;
+    for (auto [permissionName, permissionVal] : mPermissionMap) {
+        if (callingThreadHasPermission(permissionName, pid, uid)) {
+            permissions |= permissionVal;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return permissions;
+}
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/gui/Surface.cpp b/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
index a5cf8d6..44d3594 100644
--- a/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
@@ -1871,12 +1871,14 @@
     auto frameTimelineVsyncId = static_cast<int64_t>(va_arg(args, int64_t));
     auto inputEventId = static_cast<int32_t>(va_arg(args, int32_t));
     auto startTimeNanos = static_cast<int64_t>(va_arg(args, int64_t));
+    auto useForRefreshRateSelection = static_cast<bool>(va_arg(args, int32_t));
 
     ALOGV("Surface::%s", __func__);
     FrameTimelineInfo ftlInfo;
     ftlInfo.vsyncId = frameTimelineVsyncId;
     ftlInfo.inputEventId = inputEventId;
     ftlInfo.startTimeNanos = startTimeNanos;
+    ftlInfo.useForRefreshRateSelection = useForRefreshRateSelection;
     return setFrameTimelineInfo(frameNumber, ftlInfo);
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
index eb5cc4f..c6c7367 100644
--- a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 #include <ui/DynamicDisplayInfo.h>
 
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <gui/LayerStatePermissions.h>
 #include <private/gui/ComposerService.h>
 #include <private/gui/ComposerServiceAIDL.h>
 
@@ -716,11 +717,16 @@
     mListenerCallbacks = other.mListenerCallbacks;
 }
 
-void SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction::sanitize() {
+void SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction::sanitize(int pid, int uid) {
+    uint32_t permissions = LayerStatePermissions::getTransactionPermissions(pid, uid);
     for (auto & [handle, composerState] : mComposerStates) {
-        composerState.state.sanitize(0 /* permissionMask */);
+        composerState.state.sanitize(permissions);
     }
-    mInputWindowCommands.clear();
+    if (!mInputWindowCommands.empty() &&
+        (permissions & layer_state_t::Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER) == 0) {
+        ALOGE("Only privileged callers are allowed to send input commands.");
+        mInputWindowCommands.clear();
+    }
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction>
@@ -2239,11 +2245,13 @@
             t.vsyncId = other.vsyncId;
             t.inputEventId = other.inputEventId;
             t.startTimeNanos = other.startTimeNanos;
+            t.useForRefreshRateSelection = other.useForRefreshRateSelection;
         }
     } else if (t.vsyncId == FrameTimelineInfo::INVALID_VSYNC_ID) {
         t.vsyncId = other.vsyncId;
         t.inputEventId = other.inputEventId;
         t.startTimeNanos = other.startTimeNanos;
+        t.useForRefreshRateSelection = other.useForRefreshRateSelection;
     }
 }
 
@@ -2252,6 +2260,7 @@
     t.vsyncId = FrameTimelineInfo::INVALID_VSYNC_ID;
     t.inputEventId = os::IInputConstants::INVALID_INPUT_EVENT_ID;
     t.startTimeNanos = 0;
+    t.useForRefreshRateSelection = false;
 }
 
 SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction&
diff --git a/libs/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.cpp b/libs/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.cpp
index 2b34a0f..76e7b6e 100644
--- a/libs/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <android/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h>
 #include <gui/AidlStatusUtil.h>
 #include <gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.h>
+#include "gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h"
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status WindowInfosListenerReporter::onWindowInfosChanged(
-        const std::vector<WindowInfo>& windowInfos, const std::vector<DisplayInfo>& displayInfos,
+        const gui::WindowInfosUpdate& update,
         const sp<IWindowInfosReportedListener>& windowInfosReportedListener) {
     std::unordered_set<sp<WindowInfosListener>, gui::SpHash<WindowInfosListener>>
             windowInfosListeners;
@@ -95,12 +96,12 @@
             windowInfosListeners.insert(listener);
         }
 
-        mLastWindowInfos = windowInfos;
-        mLastDisplayInfos = displayInfos;
+        mLastWindowInfos = update.windowInfos;
+        mLastDisplayInfos = update.displayInfos;
     }
 
     for (auto listener : windowInfosListeners) {
-        listener->onWindowInfosChanged(windowInfos, displayInfos);
+        listener->onWindowInfosChanged(update);
     }
 
     if (windowInfosReportedListener) {
diff --git a/libs/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.cpp b/libs/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38ae5ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h>
+#include <private/gui/ParcelUtils.h>
+
+namespace android::gui {
+
+status_t WindowInfosUpdate::readFromParcel(const android::Parcel* parcel) {
+    if (parcel == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Null parcel", __func__);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t size;
+
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readUint32, &size);
+    windowInfos.reserve(size);
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        windowInfos.push_back({});
+        SAFE_PARCEL(windowInfos.back().readFromParcel, parcel);
+    }
+
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readUint32, &size);
+    displayInfos.reserve(size);
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        displayInfos.push_back({});
+        SAFE_PARCEL(displayInfos.back().readFromParcel, parcel);
+    }
+
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readInt64, &vsyncId);
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readInt64, &timestamp);
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t WindowInfosUpdate::writeToParcel(android::Parcel* parcel) const {
+    if (parcel == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Null parcel", __func__);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeUint32, static_cast<uint32_t>(windowInfos.size()));
+    for (auto& windowInfo : windowInfos) {
+        SAFE_PARCEL(windowInfo.writeToParcel, parcel);
+    }
+
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeUint32, static_cast<uint32_t>(displayInfos.size()));
+    for (auto& displayInfo : displayInfos) {
+        SAFE_PARCEL(displayInfo.writeToParcel, parcel);
+    }
+
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeInt64, vsyncId);
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeInt64, timestamp);
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+} // namespace android::gui
diff --git a/libs/gui/aidl/android/gui/FrameTimelineInfo.aidl b/libs/gui/aidl/android/gui/FrameTimelineInfo.aidl
index 6ffe466..6a86c6a 100644
--- a/libs/gui/aidl/android/gui/FrameTimelineInfo.aidl
+++ b/libs/gui/aidl/android/gui/FrameTimelineInfo.aidl
@@ -33,4 +33,8 @@
 
     // The current time in nanoseconds the application started to render the frame.
     long startTimeNanos = 0;
+
+    // Whether this vsyncId should be used to heuristically select the display refresh rate
+    // TODO(b/281695725): Clean this up once TextureView use setFrameRate API
+    boolean useForRefreshRateSelection = false;
 }
diff --git a/libs/gui/android/gui/IWindowInfosListener.aidl b/libs/gui/android/gui/IWindowInfosListener.aidl
index a5b2762..400229d 100644
--- a/libs/gui/android/gui/IWindowInfosListener.aidl
+++ b/libs/gui/android/gui/IWindowInfosListener.aidl
@@ -16,12 +16,11 @@
 
 package android.gui;
 
-import android.gui.DisplayInfo;
 import android.gui.IWindowInfosReportedListener;
-import android.gui.WindowInfo;
+import android.gui.WindowInfosUpdate;
 
 /** @hide */
-oneway interface IWindowInfosListener
-{
-    void onWindowInfosChanged(in WindowInfo[] windowInfos, in DisplayInfo[] displayInfos, in @nullable IWindowInfosReportedListener windowInfosReportedListener);
+oneway interface IWindowInfosListener {
+    void onWindowInfosChanged(
+        in WindowInfosUpdate update, in @nullable IWindowInfosReportedListener windowInfosReportedListener);
 }
diff --git a/libs/gui/android/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.aidl b/libs/gui/android/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c6109d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/gui/android/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+** Copyright 2023, The Android Open Source Project
+**
+** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+**
+**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+**
+** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+** limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package android.gui;
+
+import android.gui.DisplayInfo;
+import android.gui.WindowInfo;
+
+parcelable WindowInfosUpdate cpp_header "gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h";
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
index 1e67225..bd21851 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
     virtual status_t setTransactionState(
             const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo, Vector<ComposerState>& state,
             const Vector<DisplayState>& displays, uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& applyToken,
-            const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands, int64_t desiredPresentTime,
+            InputWindowCommands inputWindowCommands, int64_t desiredPresentTime,
             bool isAutoTimestamp, const std::vector<client_cache_t>& uncacheBuffer,
             bool hasListenerCallbacks, const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks,
             uint64_t transactionId) = 0;
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/LayerStatePermissions.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/LayerStatePermissions.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a90f30c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/LayerStatePermissions.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace android {
+class LayerStatePermissions {
+public:
+    static uint32_t getTransactionPermissions(int pid, int uid);
+
+private:
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, int> mPermissionMap;
+};
+} // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
index 945b164..8d2cdaf 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@
          *
          * TODO (b/213644870): Remove all permissioned things from Transaction
          */
-        void sanitize();
+        void sanitize(int pid, int uid);
 
         static sp<IBinder> getDefaultApplyToken();
         static void setDefaultApplyToken(sp<IBinder> applyToken);
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListener.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListener.h
index a18a498..02c8eb5 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListener.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListener.h
@@ -16,15 +16,13 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <gui/DisplayInfo.h>
-#include <gui/WindowInfo.h>
+#include <gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h>
 #include <utils/RefBase.h>
 
 namespace android::gui {
 
 class WindowInfosListener : public virtual RefBase {
 public:
-    virtual void onWindowInfosChanged(const std::vector<WindowInfo>&,
-                                      const std::vector<DisplayInfo>&) = 0;
+    virtual void onWindowInfosChanged(const WindowInfosUpdate& update) = 0;
 };
-} // namespace android::gui
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace android::gui
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.h
index 2754442..38cb108 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosListenerReporter.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <binder/IBinder.h>
 #include <gui/SpHash.h>
 #include <gui/WindowInfosListener.h>
+#include <gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h>
 #include <unordered_set>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -29,8 +30,7 @@
 class WindowInfosListenerReporter : public gui::BnWindowInfosListener {
 public:
     static sp<WindowInfosListenerReporter> getInstance();
-    binder::Status onWindowInfosChanged(const std::vector<gui::WindowInfo>&,
-                                        const std::vector<gui::DisplayInfo>&,
+    binder::Status onWindowInfosChanged(const gui::WindowInfosUpdate& update,
                                         const sp<gui::IWindowInfosReportedListener>&) override;
     status_t addWindowInfosListener(
             const sp<gui::WindowInfosListener>& windowInfosListener,
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ca59fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <binder/Parcelable.h>
+#include <gui/DisplayInfo.h>
+#include <gui/WindowInfo.h>
+
+namespace android::gui {
+
+struct WindowInfosUpdate : public Parcelable {
+    WindowInfosUpdate() {}
+
+    WindowInfosUpdate(std::vector<WindowInfo> windowInfos, std::vector<DisplayInfo> displayInfos,
+                      int64_t vsyncId, int64_t timestamp)
+          : windowInfos(std::move(windowInfos)),
+            displayInfos(std::move(displayInfos)),
+            vsyncId(vsyncId),
+            timestamp(timestamp) {}
+
+    std::vector<WindowInfo> windowInfos;
+    std::vector<DisplayInfo> displayInfos;
+    int64_t vsyncId;
+    int64_t timestamp;
+
+    status_t writeToParcel(android::Parcel*) const override;
+    status_t readFromParcel(const android::Parcel*) override;
+};
+
+} // namespace android::gui
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
index fccc408..5bc6904 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@
                                  Vector<ComposerState>& /*state*/,
                                  const Vector<DisplayState>& /*displays*/, uint32_t /*flags*/,
                                  const sp<IBinder>& /*applyToken*/,
-                                 const InputWindowCommands& /*inputWindowCommands*/,
+                                 InputWindowCommands /*inputWindowCommands*/,
                                  int64_t /*desiredPresentTime*/, bool /*isAutoTimestamp*/,
                                  const std::vector<client_cache_t>& /*cachedBuffer*/,
                                  bool /*hasListenerCallbacks*/,
diff --git a/libs/input/VirtualInputDevice.cpp b/libs/input/VirtualInputDevice.cpp
index af9ce3a..9a459b1 100644
--- a/libs/input/VirtualInputDevice.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/VirtualInputDevice.cpp
@@ -49,11 +49,10 @@
     std::chrono::seconds seconds = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(eventTime);
     std::chrono::microseconds microseconds =
             std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(eventTime - seconds);
-    struct input_event ev = {.type = type,
-                             .code = code,
-                             .value = value,
-                             .input_event_sec = static_cast<time_t>(seconds.count()),
-                             .input_event_usec = static_cast<suseconds_t>(microseconds.count())};
+    struct input_event ev = {.type = type, .code = code, .value = value};
+    ev.input_event_sec = static_cast<decltype(ev.input_event_sec)>(seconds.count());
+    ev.input_event_usec = static_cast<decltype(ev.input_event_usec)>(microseconds.count());
+
     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(mFd, &ev, sizeof(struct input_event))) == sizeof(ev);
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/nativewindow/include/system/window.h b/libs/nativewindow/include/system/window.h
index 6c54635..0fee3c1 100644
--- a/libs/nativewindow/include/system/window.h
+++ b/libs/nativewindow/include/system/window.h
@@ -1066,13 +1066,12 @@
                            (int)compatibility, (int)changeFrameRateStrategy);
 }
 
-static inline int native_window_set_frame_timeline_info(struct ANativeWindow* window,
-                                                        uint64_t frameNumber,
-                                                        int64_t frameTimelineVsyncId,
-                                                        int32_t inputEventId,
-                                                        int64_t startTimeNanos) {
+static inline int native_window_set_frame_timeline_info(
+        struct ANativeWindow* window, uint64_t frameNumber, int64_t frameTimelineVsyncId,
+        int32_t inputEventId, int64_t startTimeNanos, int32_t useForRefreshRateSelection) {
     return window->perform(window, NATIVE_WINDOW_SET_FRAME_TIMELINE_INFO, frameNumber,
-                           frameTimelineVsyncId, inputEventId, startTimeNanos);
+                           frameTimelineVsyncId, inputEventId, startTimeNanos,
+                           useForRefreshRateSelection);
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/libs/ultrahdr/jpegr.cpp b/libs/ultrahdr/jpegr.cpp
index 0f7aa27..ef927e3 100644
--- a/libs/ultrahdr/jpegr.cpp
+++ b/libs/ultrahdr/jpegr.cpp
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@
       if (mQueuedAllJobs) {
         return false;
       } else {
-        mCv.wait(lock);
+        mCv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
       }
     } else {
       auto it = mJobs.begin();
@@ -557,6 +557,8 @@
 void JobQueue::markQueueForEnd() {
   std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock{mMutex};
   mQueuedAllJobs = true;
+  lock.unlock();
+  mCv.notify_all();
 }
 
 void JobQueue::reset() {
diff --git a/opengl/libs/EGL/Loader.cpp b/opengl/libs/EGL/Loader.cpp
index 415e8ea..2c3ce16 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/EGL/Loader.cpp
+++ b/opengl/libs/EGL/Loader.cpp
@@ -139,9 +139,10 @@
 
 static const char* DRIVER_SUFFIX_PROPERTY = "ro.hardware.egl";
 
-static const char* HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES[2] = {
-    DRIVER_SUFFIX_PROPERTY,
-    "ro.board.platform",
+static const char* HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES[3] = {
+        "persist.graphics.egl",
+        DRIVER_SUFFIX_PROPERTY,
+        "ro.board.platform",
 };
 
 static bool should_unload_system_driver(egl_connection_t* cnx) {
@@ -208,8 +209,7 @@
     ATRACE_CALL();
     const nsecs_t openTime = systemTime();
 
-    if (!android::GraphicsEnv::getInstance().angleIsSystemDriver() &&
-        should_unload_system_driver(cnx)) {
+    if (should_unload_system_driver(cnx)) {
         unload_system_driver(cnx);
     }
 
@@ -218,12 +218,8 @@
         return cnx->dso;
     }
 
-    // Firstly, try to load ANGLE driver, unless we know that we shouldn't.
-    bool shouldForceLegacyDriver = android::GraphicsEnv::getInstance().shouldForceLegacyDriver();
-    driver_t* hnd = nullptr;
-    if (!shouldForceLegacyDriver) {
-        hnd = attempt_to_load_angle(cnx);
-    }
+    // Firstly, try to load ANGLE driver.
+    driver_t* hnd = attempt_to_load_angle(cnx);
 
     if (!hnd) {
         // Secondly, try to load from driver apk.
@@ -285,8 +281,10 @@
     }
 
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!hnd,
-                        "couldn't find an OpenGL ES implementation, make sure you set %s or %s",
-                        HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES[0], HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES[1]);
+                        "couldn't find an OpenGL ES implementation, make sure one of %s, %s and %s "
+                        "is set",
+                        HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES[0], HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES[1],
+                        HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES[2]);
 
     if (!cnx->libEgl) {
         cnx->libEgl = load_wrapper(EGL_WRAPPER_DIR "/libEGL.so");
diff --git a/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_display.cpp b/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_display.cpp
index 9823fc8..525fed1 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_display.cpp
+++ b/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_display.cpp
@@ -326,10 +326,10 @@
         // device's present timestamps are reliable (which may not be the case on emulators).
         if (cnx->useAngle) {
             if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("service.sf.present_timestamp", false)) {
-                mExtensionString.append("EGL_ANDROID_get_frame_timestamps");
+                mExtensionString.append("EGL_ANDROID_get_frame_timestamps ");
             }
         } else {
-            mExtensionString.append("EGL_ANDROID_get_frame_timestamps");
+            mExtensionString.append("EGL_ANDROID_get_frame_timestamps ");
         }
 
         hasColorSpaceSupport = findExtension(disp.queryString.extensions, "EGL_KHR_gl_colorspace");
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/benchmarks/InputDispatcher_benchmarks.cpp b/services/inputflinger/benchmarks/InputDispatcher_benchmarks.cpp
index cf299c0..f65533e 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/benchmarks/InputDispatcher_benchmarks.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/benchmarks/InputDispatcher_benchmarks.cpp
@@ -340,8 +340,10 @@
     std::vector<gui::DisplayInfo> displayInfos{info};
 
     for (auto _ : state) {
-        dispatcher.onWindowInfosChanged(windowInfos, displayInfos);
-        dispatcher.onWindowInfosChanged(/*windowInfos=*/{}, /*displayInfos=*/{});
+        dispatcher.onWindowInfosChanged(
+                {windowInfos, displayInfos, /*vsyncId=*/0, /*timestamp=*/0});
+        dispatcher.onWindowInfosChanged(
+                {/*windowInfos=*/{}, /*displayInfos=*/{}, /*vsyncId=*/{}, /*timestamp=*/0});
     }
     dispatcher.stop();
 }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
index a10c957..f3ada8e 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
@@ -2476,7 +2476,8 @@
                 newTouchedWindowHandle = nullptr;
             }
 
-            if (!haveSameToken(oldTouchedWindowHandle, newTouchedWindowHandle)) {
+            if (newTouchedWindowHandle != nullptr &&
+                !haveSameToken(oldTouchedWindowHandle, newTouchedWindowHandle)) {
                 ALOGD("Touch is slipping out of window %s into window %s in display %" PRId32,
                       oldTouchedWindowHandle->getName().c_str(),
                       newTouchedWindowHandle->getName().c_str(), displayId);
@@ -5611,6 +5612,14 @@
     } else {
         dump += INDENT "Displays: <none>\n";
     }
+    dump += INDENT "Window Infos:\n";
+    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "vsync id: %" PRId64 "\n", mWindowInfosVsyncId);
+    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "timestamp (ns): %" PRId64 "\n", mWindowInfosTimestamp);
+    dump += "\n";
+    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "max update delay (ns): %" PRId64 "\n", mMaxWindowInfosDelay);
+    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "max update delay vsync id: %" PRId64 "\n",
+                         mMaxWindowInfosDelayVsyncId);
+    dump += "\n";
 
     if (!mGlobalMonitorsByDisplay.empty()) {
         for (const auto& [displayId, monitors] : mGlobalMonitorsByDisplay) {
@@ -6626,12 +6635,11 @@
     mLooper->wake();
 }
 
-void InputDispatcher::onWindowInfosChanged(const std::vector<WindowInfo>& windowInfos,
-                                           const std::vector<DisplayInfo>& displayInfos) {
+void InputDispatcher::onWindowInfosChanged(const gui::WindowInfosUpdate& update) {
     // The listener sends the windows as a flattened array. Separate the windows by display for
     // more convenient parsing.
     std::unordered_map<int32_t, std::vector<sp<WindowInfoHandle>>> handlesPerDisplay;
-    for (const auto& info : windowInfos) {
+    for (const auto& info : update.windowInfos) {
         handlesPerDisplay.emplace(info.displayId, std::vector<sp<WindowInfoHandle>>());
         handlesPerDisplay[info.displayId].push_back(sp<WindowInfoHandle>::make(info));
     }
@@ -6646,13 +6654,22 @@
         }
 
         mDisplayInfos.clear();
-        for (const auto& displayInfo : displayInfos) {
+        for (const auto& displayInfo : update.displayInfos) {
             mDisplayInfos.emplace(displayInfo.displayId, displayInfo);
         }
 
         for (const auto& [displayId, handles] : handlesPerDisplay) {
             setInputWindowsLocked(handles, displayId);
         }
+
+        mWindowInfosVsyncId = update.vsyncId;
+        mWindowInfosTimestamp = update.timestamp;
+
+        int64_t delay = systemTime() - update.timestamp;
+        if (delay > mMaxWindowInfosDelay) {
+            mMaxWindowInfosDelay = delay;
+            mMaxWindowInfosDelayVsyncId = update.vsyncId;
+        }
     }
     // Wake up poll loop since it may need to make new input dispatching choices.
     mLooper->wake();
@@ -6675,9 +6692,8 @@
 }
 
 void InputDispatcher::DispatcherWindowListener::onWindowInfosChanged(
-        const std::vector<gui::WindowInfo>& windowInfos,
-        const std::vector<DisplayInfo>& displayInfos) {
-    mDispatcher.onWindowInfosChanged(windowInfos, displayInfos);
+        const gui::WindowInfosUpdate& update) {
+    mDispatcher.onWindowInfosChanged(update);
 }
 
 void InputDispatcher::cancelCurrentTouch() {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
index 0e9ccfb..9b12f2f 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 #include <attestation/HmacKeyManager.h>
 #include <gui/InputApplication.h>
-#include <gui/WindowInfo.h>
+#include <gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h>
 #include <input/Input.h>
 #include <input/InputTransport.h>
 #include <limits.h>
@@ -144,8 +144,7 @@
     void displayRemoved(int32_t displayId) override;
 
     // Public because it's also used by tests to simulate the WindowInfosListener callback
-    void onWindowInfosChanged(const std::vector<android::gui::WindowInfo>& windowInfos,
-                              const std::vector<android::gui::DisplayInfo>& displayInfos);
+    void onWindowInfosChanged(const gui::WindowInfosUpdate&);
 
     void cancelCurrentTouch() override;
 
@@ -205,6 +204,11 @@
 
     const IdGenerator mIdGenerator;
 
+    int64_t mWindowInfosVsyncId GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    int64_t mWindowInfosTimestamp GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    int64_t mMaxWindowInfosDelay GUARDED_BY(mLock) = -1;
+    int64_t mMaxWindowInfosDelayVsyncId GUARDED_BY(mLock) = -1;
+
     // With each iteration, InputDispatcher nominally processes one queued event,
     // a timeout, or a response from an input consumer.
     // This method should only be called on the input dispatcher's own thread.
@@ -356,9 +360,7 @@
     class DispatcherWindowListener : public gui::WindowInfosListener {
     public:
         explicit DispatcherWindowListener(InputDispatcher& dispatcher) : mDispatcher(dispatcher){};
-        void onWindowInfosChanged(
-                const std::vector<android::gui::WindowInfo>& windowInfos,
-                const std::vector<android::gui::DisplayInfo>& displayInfos) override;
+        void onWindowInfosChanged(const gui::WindowInfosUpdate&) override;
 
     private:
         InputDispatcher& mDispatcher;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
index 4a45e17..d324826 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@
 
     // Vibrator-like devices.
     if (classes.test(InputDeviceClass::VIBRATOR)) {
-        mappers.push_back(std::make_unique<VibratorInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
+        mappers.push_back(createInputMapper<VibratorInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
     }
 
     // Battery-like devices or light-containing devices.
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@
 
     // Cursor-like devices.
     if (classes.test(InputDeviceClass::CURSOR)) {
-        mappers.push_back(std::make_unique<CursorInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
+        mappers.push_back(createInputMapper<CursorInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
     }
 
     // Touchscreens and touchpad devices.
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@
             (identifier.product == 0x05c4 || identifier.product == 0x09cc);
     if (ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_GESTURES_LIBRARY && classes.test(InputDeviceClass::TOUCHPAD) &&
         classes.test(InputDeviceClass::TOUCH_MT) && !isSonyDualShock4Touchpad) {
-        mappers.push_back(std::make_unique<TouchpadInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
+        mappers.push_back(createInputMapper<TouchpadInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
     } else if (classes.test(InputDeviceClass::TOUCH_MT)) {
         mappers.push_back(createInputMapper<MultiTouchInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
     } else if (classes.test(InputDeviceClass::TOUCH)) {
@@ -515,12 +515,12 @@
 
     // Motion sensor enabled devices.
     if (classes.test(InputDeviceClass::SENSOR)) {
-        mappers.push_back(std::make_unique<SensorInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
+        mappers.push_back(createInputMapper<SensorInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
     }
 
     // External stylus-like devices.
     if (classes.test(InputDeviceClass::EXTERNAL_STYLUS)) {
-        mappers.push_back(std::make_unique<ExternalStylusInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
+        mappers.push_back(createInputMapper<ExternalStylusInputMapper>(contextPtr, readerConfig));
     }
     return mappers;
 }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
index 8ef5ff6..c684ed4 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
@@ -71,9 +71,7 @@
 CursorInputMapper::CursorInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
                                      const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig)
       : InputMapper(deviceContext, readerConfig),
-        mLastEventTime(std::numeric_limits<nsecs_t>::min()) {
-    configureWithZeroChanges(readerConfig);
-}
+        mLastEventTime(std::numeric_limits<nsecs_t>::min()) {}
 
 CursorInputMapper::~CursorInputMapper() {
     if (mPointerController != nullptr) {
@@ -142,46 +140,51 @@
                                                      ConfigurationChanges changes) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out = InputMapper::reconfigure(when, readerConfig, changes);
 
-    if (!changes.any()) {
-        configureWithZeroChanges(readerConfig);
-        return out;
+    if (!changes.any()) { // first time only
+        configureBasicParams();
     }
 
-    const bool configurePointerCapture = mParameters.mode != Parameters::Mode::NAVIGATION &&
-            changes.test(InputReaderConfiguration::Change::POINTER_CAPTURE);
+    const bool configurePointerCapture = !changes.any() ||
+            (mParameters.mode != Parameters::Mode::NAVIGATION &&
+             changes.test(InputReaderConfiguration::Change::POINTER_CAPTURE));
     if (configurePointerCapture) {
         configureOnPointerCapture(readerConfig);
         out.push_back(NotifyDeviceResetArgs(getContext()->getNextId(), when, getDeviceId()));
     }
 
-    if (changes.test(InputReaderConfiguration::Change::POINTER_SPEED) || configurePointerCapture) {
+    if (!changes.any() || changes.test(InputReaderConfiguration::Change::POINTER_SPEED) ||
+        configurePointerCapture) {
         configureOnChangePointerSpeed(readerConfig);
     }
 
-    if (changes.test(InputReaderConfiguration::Change::DISPLAY_INFO) || configurePointerCapture) {
+    if (!changes.any() || changes.test(InputReaderConfiguration::Change::DISPLAY_INFO) ||
+        configurePointerCapture) {
         configureOnChangeDisplayInfo(readerConfig);
     }
     return out;
 }
 
-void CursorInputMapper::configureParameters() {
-    mParameters.mode = Parameters::Mode::POINTER;
-    const PropertyMap& config = getDeviceContext().getConfiguration();
+CursorInputMapper::Parameters CursorInputMapper::computeParameters(
+        const InputDeviceContext& deviceContext) {
+    Parameters parameters;
+    parameters.mode = Parameters::Mode::POINTER;
+    const PropertyMap& config = deviceContext.getConfiguration();
     std::optional<std::string> cursorModeString = config.getString("cursor.mode");
     if (cursorModeString.has_value()) {
         if (*cursorModeString == "navigation") {
-            mParameters.mode = Parameters::Mode::NAVIGATION;
+            parameters.mode = Parameters::Mode::NAVIGATION;
         } else if (*cursorModeString != "pointer" && *cursorModeString != "default") {
             ALOGW("Invalid value for cursor.mode: '%s'", cursorModeString->c_str());
         }
     }
 
-    mParameters.orientationAware = config.getBool("cursor.orientationAware").value_or(false);
+    parameters.orientationAware = config.getBool("cursor.orientationAware").value_or(false);
 
-    mParameters.hasAssociatedDisplay = false;
-    if (mParameters.mode == Parameters::Mode::POINTER || mParameters.orientationAware) {
-        mParameters.hasAssociatedDisplay = true;
+    parameters.hasAssociatedDisplay = false;
+    if (parameters.mode == Parameters::Mode::POINTER || parameters.orientationAware) {
+        parameters.hasAssociatedDisplay = true;
     }
+    return parameters;
 }
 
 void CursorInputMapper::dumpParameters(std::string& dump) {
@@ -424,22 +427,11 @@
     return mDisplayId;
 }
 
-void CursorInputMapper::configureWithZeroChanges(const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig) {
-    // Configuration with zero changes
-    configureBasicParams();
-    if (mParameters.mode != Parameters::Mode::NAVIGATION &&
-        readerConfig.pointerCaptureRequest.enable) {
-        configureOnPointerCapture(readerConfig);
-    }
-    configureOnChangePointerSpeed(readerConfig);
-    configureOnChangeDisplayInfo(readerConfig);
-}
-
 void CursorInputMapper::configureBasicParams() {
     mCursorScrollAccumulator.configure(getDeviceContext());
 
     // Configure basic parameters.
-    configureParameters();
+    mParameters = computeParameters(getDeviceContext());
 
     // Configure device mode.
     switch (mParameters.mode) {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
index caf2e5a..b879bfd 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
@@ -53,8 +53,10 @@
 
 class CursorInputMapper : public InputMapper {
 public:
-    explicit CursorInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
-                               const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
+    template <class T, class... Args>
+    friend std::unique_ptr<T> createInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                                const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig,
+                                                Args... args);
     virtual ~CursorInputMapper();
 
     virtual uint32_t getSources() const override;
@@ -125,15 +127,17 @@
     nsecs_t mDownTime;
     nsecs_t mLastEventTime;
 
-    void configureParameters();
+    explicit CursorInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                               const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
     void dumpParameters(std::string& dump);
-    void configureWithZeroChanges(const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
     void configureBasicParams();
     void configureOnPointerCapture(const InputReaderConfiguration& config);
     void configureOnChangePointerSpeed(const InputReaderConfiguration& config);
     void configureOnChangeDisplayInfo(const InputReaderConfiguration& config);
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> sync(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime);
+
+    static Parameters computeParameters(const InputDeviceContext& deviceContext);
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
index 841c437..97df02b 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
 
 class ExternalStylusInputMapper : public InputMapper {
 public:
-    explicit ExternalStylusInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
-                                       const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
+    template <class T, class... Args>
+    friend std::unique_ptr<T> createInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                                const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig,
+                                                Args... args);
     virtual ~ExternalStylusInputMapper() = default;
 
     uint32_t getSources() const override;
@@ -46,6 +48,8 @@
 
     StylusState mStylusState;
 
+    explicit ExternalStylusInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                       const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> sync(nsecs_t when);
 };
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h
index 1f82559..a55dcd1 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@
 
 class SensorInputMapper : public InputMapper {
 public:
-    explicit SensorInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
-                               const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
+    template <class T, class... Args>
+    friend std::unique_ptr<T> createInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                                const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig,
+                                                Args... args);
     ~SensorInputMapper() override;
 
     uint32_t getSources() const override;
@@ -106,6 +108,9 @@
         }
     };
 
+    explicit SensorInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                               const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
+
     static Axis createAxis(const AxisInfo& AxisInfo, const RawAbsoluteAxisInfo& rawAxisInfo);
 
     // Axes indexed by raw ABS_* axis index.
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
index a5da3cd..c72425a 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
@@ -270,6 +270,14 @@
         accelCurveProp.setRealValues(
                 createAccelerationCurveForSensitivity(config.touchpadPointerSpeed,
                                                       accelCurveProp.getCount()));
+        mPropertyProvider.getProperty("Use Custom Touchpad Scroll Accel Curve")
+                .setBoolValues({true});
+        GesturesProp scrollCurveProp = mPropertyProvider.getProperty("Scroll Accel Curve");
+        scrollCurveProp.setRealValues(
+                createAccelerationCurveForSensitivity(config.touchpadPointerSpeed,
+                                                      scrollCurveProp.getCount()));
+        mPropertyProvider.getProperty("Scroll X Out Scale").setRealValues({1.0});
+        mPropertyProvider.getProperty("Scroll Y Out Scale").setRealValues({1.0});
         mPropertyProvider.getProperty("Invert Scrolling")
                 .setBoolValues({config.touchpadNaturalScrollingEnabled});
         mPropertyProvider.getProperty("Tap Enable")
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
index 3128d18..23d0fd3 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
@@ -40,8 +40,10 @@
 
 class TouchpadInputMapper : public InputMapper {
 public:
-    explicit TouchpadInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
-                                 const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
+    template <class T, class... Args>
+    friend std::unique_ptr<T> createInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                                const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig,
+                                                Args... args);
     ~TouchpadInputMapper();
 
     uint32_t getSources() const override;
@@ -58,6 +60,8 @@
 
 private:
     void resetGestureInterpreter(nsecs_t when);
+    explicit TouchpadInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                 const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> sendHardwareState(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
                                                           SelfContainedHardwareState schs);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> processGestures(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h
index 384c075..9079c73 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@
 
 class VibratorInputMapper : public InputMapper {
 public:
-    explicit VibratorInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
-                                 const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
+    template <class T, class... Args>
+    friend std::unique_ptr<T> createInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                                const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig,
+                                                Args... args);
     virtual ~VibratorInputMapper();
 
     virtual uint32_t getSources() const override;
@@ -46,6 +48,8 @@
     ssize_t mIndex;
     nsecs_t mNextStepTime;
 
+    explicit VibratorInputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
+                                 const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> nextStep();
     [[nodiscard]] NotifyVibratorStateArgs stopVibrating();
 };
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
index 41c4d69..f6f02d8 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
@@ -3945,7 +3945,7 @@
                                                              "Fake Window", ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     window->setFocusable(true);
 
-    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({*window->getInfo()}, {});
+    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({{*window->getInfo()}, {}, 0, 0});
     setFocusedWindow(window);
 
     window->consumeFocusEvent(true);
@@ -3959,7 +3959,7 @@
     window->consumeKeyUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     // All windows are removed from the display. Ensure that we can no longer dispatch to it.
-    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({}, {});
+    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({{}, {}, 0, 0});
 
     window->consumeFocusEvent(false);
 
@@ -3975,7 +3975,7 @@
     // Ensure window is non-split and have some transform.
     window->setPreventSplitting(true);
     window->setWindowOffset(20, 40);
-    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({*window->getInfo()}, {});
+    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({{*window->getInfo()}, {}, 0, 0});
 
     ASSERT_EQ(InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionDown(mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
@@ -4022,12 +4022,12 @@
         info.displayId = displayId;
         info.transform = transform;
         mDisplayInfos.push_back(std::move(info));
-        mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged(mWindowInfos, mDisplayInfos);
+        mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({mWindowInfos, mDisplayInfos, 0, 0});
     }
 
     void addWindow(const sp<WindowInfoHandle>& windowHandle) {
         mWindowInfos.push_back(*windowHandle->getInfo());
-        mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged(mWindowInfos, mDisplayInfos);
+        mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({mWindowInfos, mDisplayInfos, 0, 0});
     }
 
     void removeAllWindowsAndDisplays() {
@@ -5215,7 +5215,7 @@
     displayInfo.displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT;
     displayInfo.transform = transform;
 
-    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({*window->getInfo()}, {displayInfo});
+    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({{*window->getInfo()}, {displayInfo}, 0, 0});
 
     const NotifyMotionArgs motionArgs =
             generateMotionArgs(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
@@ -5535,6 +5535,46 @@
                                            AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_WINDOW_IS_PARTIALLY_OBSCURED);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Two windows, one on the left and another on the right. The left window is slippery. The right
+ * window isn't eligible to receive touch because it specifies InputConfig::DROP_INPUT. When the
+ * touch moves from the left window into the right window, the gesture should continue to go to the
+ * left window. Touch shouldn't slip because the right window can't receive touches. This test
+ * reproduces a crash.
+ */
+TEST_F(InputDispatcherTest, TouchSlippingIntoWindowThatDropsTouches) {
+    std::shared_ptr<FakeApplicationHandle> application = std::make_shared<FakeApplicationHandle>();
+
+    sp<FakeWindowHandle> leftSlipperyWindow =
+            sp<FakeWindowHandle>::make(application, mDispatcher, "Left", ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    leftSlipperyWindow->setSlippery(true);
+    leftSlipperyWindow->setFrame(Rect(0, 0, 100, 100));
+
+    sp<FakeWindowHandle> rightDropTouchesWindow =
+            sp<FakeWindowHandle>::make(application, mDispatcher, "Right", ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    rightDropTouchesWindow->setFrame(Rect(100, 0, 200, 100));
+    rightDropTouchesWindow->setDropInput(true);
+
+    mDispatcher->setInputWindows(
+            {{ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {leftSlipperyWindow, rightDropTouchesWindow}}});
+
+    // Start touch in the left window
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(50).y(50))
+                                      .build());
+    leftSlipperyWindow->consumeMotionDown();
+
+    // And move it into the right window
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(150).y(50))
+                                      .build());
+
+    // Since the right window isn't eligible to receive input, touch does not slip.
+    // The left window continues to receive the gesture.
+    leftSlipperyWindow->consumeMotionEvent(WithMotionAction(ACTION_MOVE));
+    rightDropTouchesWindow->assertNoEvents();
+}
+
 class InputDispatcherKeyRepeatTest : public InputDispatcherTest {
 protected:
     static constexpr nsecs_t KEY_REPEAT_TIMEOUT = 40 * 1000000; // 40 ms
@@ -5985,7 +6025,7 @@
     displayInfos[1].displayId = SECOND_DISPLAY_ID;
     displayInfos[1].transform = secondDisplayTransform;
 
-    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({}, displayInfos);
+    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged({{}, displayInfos, 0, 0});
 
     // Enable InputFilter
     mDispatcher->setInputFilterEnabled(true);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
index e74284f..b0f5270 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
@@ -2645,13 +2645,13 @@
 };
 
 TEST_F(VibratorInputMapperTest, GetSources) {
-    VibratorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<VibratorInputMapper>();
+    VibratorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<VibratorInputMapper>();
 
     ASSERT_EQ(AINPUT_SOURCE_UNKNOWN, mapper.getSources());
 }
 
 TEST_F(VibratorInputMapperTest, GetVibratorIds) {
-    VibratorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<VibratorInputMapper>();
+    VibratorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<VibratorInputMapper>();
 
     ASSERT_EQ(mapper.getVibratorIds().size(), 2U);
 }
@@ -2659,7 +2659,7 @@
 TEST_F(VibratorInputMapperTest, Vibrate) {
     constexpr uint8_t DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE = 192;
     constexpr int32_t VIBRATION_TOKEN = 100;
-    VibratorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<VibratorInputMapper>();
+    VibratorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<VibratorInputMapper>();
 
     VibrationElement pattern(2);
     VibrationSequence sequence(2);
@@ -2784,7 +2784,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SensorInputMapperTest, GetSources) {
-    SensorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<SensorInputMapper>();
+    SensorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<SensorInputMapper>();
 
     ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<uint32_t>(AINPUT_SOURCE_SENSOR), mapper.getSources());
 }
@@ -2792,7 +2792,7 @@
 TEST_F(SensorInputMapperTest, ProcessAccelerometerSensor) {
     setAccelProperties();
     prepareAccelAxes();
-    SensorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<SensorInputMapper>();
+    SensorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<SensorInputMapper>();
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(mapper.enableSensor(InputDeviceSensorType::ACCELEROMETER,
                                     std::chrono::microseconds(10000),
@@ -2822,7 +2822,7 @@
 TEST_F(SensorInputMapperTest, ProcessGyroscopeSensor) {
     setGyroProperties();
     prepareGyroAxes();
-    SensorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<SensorInputMapper>();
+    SensorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<SensorInputMapper>();
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(mapper.enableSensor(InputDeviceSensorType::GYROSCOPE,
                                     std::chrono::microseconds(10000),
@@ -3862,21 +3862,21 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, WhenModeIsPointer_GetSources_ReturnsMouse) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     ASSERT_EQ(AINPUT_SOURCE_MOUSE, mapper.getSources());
 }
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, WhenModeIsNavigation_GetSources_ReturnsTrackball) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "navigation");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     ASSERT_EQ(AINPUT_SOURCE_TRACKBALL, mapper.getSources());
 }
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, WhenModeIsPointer_PopulateDeviceInfo_ReturnsRangeFromPointerController) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     InputDeviceInfo info;
     mapper.populateDeviceInfo(info);
@@ -3906,7 +3906,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, WhenModeIsNavigation_PopulateDeviceInfo_ReturnsScaledRange) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "navigation");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     InputDeviceInfo info;
     mapper.populateDeviceInfo(info);
@@ -3924,7 +3924,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_ShouldSetAllFieldsAndIncludeGlobalMetaState) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "navigation");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     mReader->getContext()->setGlobalMetaState(AMETA_SHIFT_LEFT_ON | AMETA_SHIFT_ON);
 
@@ -4012,7 +4012,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_ShouldHandleIndependentXYUpdates) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "navigation");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     NotifyMotionArgs args;
 
@@ -4036,7 +4036,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_ShouldHandleIndependentButtonUpdates) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "navigation");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     NotifyMotionArgs args;
 
@@ -4065,7 +4065,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_ShouldHandleCombinedXYAndButtonUpdates) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "navigation");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     NotifyMotionArgs args;
 
@@ -4114,7 +4114,7 @@
     // InputReader works in the un-rotated coordinate space, so orientation-aware devices do not
     // need to be rotated.
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.orientationAware", "1");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_90);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(testMotionRotation(mapper,  0,  1,  0,  1));
@@ -4132,7 +4132,7 @@
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "navigation");
     // Since InputReader works in the un-rotated coordinate space, only devices that are not
     // orientation-aware are affected by display rotation.
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     clearViewports();
     prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_0);
@@ -4181,7 +4181,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_ShouldHandleAllButtons) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     mFakePointerController->setBounds(0, 0, 800 - 1, 480 - 1);
     mFakePointerController->setPosition(100, 200);
@@ -4435,7 +4435,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_WhenModeIsPointer_ShouldMoveThePointerAround) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     mFakePointerController->setBounds(0, 0, 800 - 1, 480 - 1);
     mFakePointerController->setPosition(100, 200);
@@ -4456,7 +4456,7 @@
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_PointerCapture) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
     mFakePolicy->setPointerCapture(true);
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     NotifyDeviceResetArgs resetArgs;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyDeviceResetWasCalled(&resetArgs));
@@ -4548,7 +4548,7 @@
     const VelocityControlParameters testParams(/*scale=*/5.f, /*low threshold=*/0.f,
                                                /*high threshold=*/100.f, /*acceleration=*/10.f);
     mFakePolicy->setVelocityControlParams(testParams);
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     NotifyDeviceResetArgs resetArgs;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyDeviceResetWasCalled(&resetArgs));
@@ -4589,7 +4589,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, PointerCaptureDisablesOrientationChanges) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     NotifyDeviceResetArgs resetArgs;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyDeviceResetWasCalled(&resetArgs));
@@ -4630,7 +4630,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, ConfigureDisplayId_NoAssociatedViewport) {
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     // Set up the default display.
     prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_90);
@@ -4656,7 +4656,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, ConfigureDisplayId_WithAssociatedViewport) {
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     // Set up the default display.
     prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_90);
@@ -4682,7 +4682,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, ConfigureDisplayId_IgnoresEventsForMismatchedPointerDisplay) {
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     // Set up the default display as the display on which the pointer should be shown.
     prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_90);
@@ -4715,7 +4715,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BluetoothCursorInputMapperTest, TimestampSmoothening) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     nsecs_t kernelEventTime = ARBITRARY_TIME;
     nsecs_t expectedEventTime = ARBITRARY_TIME;
@@ -4742,7 +4742,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BluetoothCursorInputMapperTest, TimestampSmootheningIsCapped) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     nsecs_t expectedEventTime = ARBITRARY_TIME;
     process(mapper, ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, EV_REL, REL_X, 1);
@@ -4779,7 +4779,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BluetoothCursorInputMapperTest, TimestampSmootheningNotUsed) {
     addConfigurationProperty("cursor.mode", "pointer");
-    CursorInputMapper& mapper = addMapperAndConfigure<CursorInputMapper>();
+    CursorInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<CursorInputMapper>();
 
     nsecs_t kernelEventTime = ARBITRARY_TIME;
     nsecs_t expectedEventTime = ARBITRARY_TIME;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index bfb7a22..a821466 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -254,8 +254,7 @@
         mFlinger->mTunnelModeEnabledReporter->decrementTunnelModeCount();
     }
     if (mHadClonedChild) {
-        auto& roots = mFlinger->mLayerMirrorRoots;
-        roots.erase(std::remove(roots.begin(), roots.end(), this), roots.end());
+        mFlinger->mNumClones--;
     }
     if (hasTrustedPresentationListener()) {
         mFlinger->mNumTrustedPresentationListeners--;
@@ -2595,7 +2594,7 @@
     mDrawingState.inputInfo = tmpInputInfo;
 }
 
-bool Layer::updateMirrorInfo(const std::deque<Layer*>& cloneRootsPendingUpdates) {
+void Layer::updateMirrorInfo() {
     if (mClonedChild == nullptr || !mClonedChild->isClonedFromAlive()) {
         // If mClonedChild is null, there is nothing to mirror. If isClonedFromAlive returns false,
         // it means that there is a clone, but the layer it was cloned from has been destroyed. In
@@ -2603,7 +2602,7 @@
         // destroyed. The root, this layer, will still be around since the client can continue
         // to hold a reference, but no cloned layers will be displayed.
         mClonedChild = nullptr;
-        return true;
+        return;
     }
 
     std::map<sp<Layer>, sp<Layer>> clonedLayersMap;
@@ -2618,13 +2617,6 @@
     mClonedChild->updateClonedDrawingState(clonedLayersMap);
     mClonedChild->updateClonedChildren(sp<Layer>::fromExisting(this), clonedLayersMap);
     mClonedChild->updateClonedRelatives(clonedLayersMap);
-
-    for (Layer* root : cloneRootsPendingUpdates) {
-        if (clonedLayersMap.find(sp<Layer>::fromExisting(root)) != clonedLayersMap.end()) {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-    return true;
 }
 
 void Layer::updateClonedDrawingState(std::map<sp<Layer>, sp<Layer>>& clonedLayersMap) {
@@ -2772,7 +2764,7 @@
 void Layer::setClonedChild(const sp<Layer>& clonedChild) {
     mClonedChild = clonedChild;
     mHadClonedChild = true;
-    mFlinger->mLayerMirrorRoots.push_back(this);
+    mFlinger->mNumClones++;
 }
 
 bool Layer::setDropInputMode(gui::DropInputMode mode) {
@@ -3085,6 +3077,7 @@
     mDrawingState.desiredPresentTime = desiredPresentTime;
     mDrawingState.isAutoTimestamp = isAutoTimestamp;
     mDrawingState.latchedVsyncId = info.vsyncId;
+    mDrawingState.useVsyncIdForRefreshRateSelection = info.useForRefreshRateSelection;
     mDrawingState.modified = true;
     if (!buffer) {
         resetDrawingStateBufferInfo();
@@ -3147,15 +3140,31 @@
 }
 
 void Layer::recordLayerHistoryBufferUpdate(const scheduler::LayerProps& layerProps) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
     const nsecs_t presentTime = [&] {
-        if (!mDrawingState.isAutoTimestamp) return mDrawingState.desiredPresentTime;
+        if (!mDrawingState.isAutoTimestamp) {
+            ATRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("desiredPresentTime");
+            return mDrawingState.desiredPresentTime;
+        }
 
-        const auto prediction = mFlinger->mFrameTimeline->getTokenManager()->getPredictionsForToken(
-                mDrawingState.latchedVsyncId);
-        if (prediction.has_value()) return prediction->presentTime;
+        if (mDrawingState.useVsyncIdForRefreshRateSelection) {
+            const auto prediction =
+                    mFlinger->mFrameTimeline->getTokenManager()->getPredictionsForToken(
+                            mDrawingState.latchedVsyncId);
+            if (prediction.has_value()) {
+                ATRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("predictedPresentTime");
+                return prediction->presentTime;
+            }
+        }
 
         return static_cast<nsecs_t>(0);
     }();
+
+    if (ATRACE_ENABLED() && presentTime > 0) {
+        const auto presentIn = TimePoint::fromNs(presentTime) - TimePoint::now();
+        ATRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("presentIn %s", to_string(presentIn).c_str());
+    }
+
     mFlinger->mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(sequence, layerProps, presentTime,
                                              scheduler::LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
index 4374914..a6c70e5 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@
         float desiredHdrSdrRatio = 1.f;
         gui::CachingHint cachingHint = gui::CachingHint::Enabled;
         int64_t latchedVsyncId = 0;
+        bool useVsyncIdForRefreshRateSelection = false;
     };
 
     explicit Layer(const LayerCreationArgs& args);
@@ -651,7 +652,7 @@
 
     gui::WindowInfo::Type getWindowType() const { return mWindowType; }
 
-    bool updateMirrorInfo(const std::deque<Layer*>& cloneRootsPendingUpdates);
+    void updateMirrorInfo();
 
     /*
      * doTransaction - process the transaction. This is a good place to figure
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerRenderArea.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerRenderArea.cpp
index d606cff..f6b5afc 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerRenderArea.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerRenderArea.cpp
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
     // If layer is offscreen, update mirroring info if it exists
     if (mLayer->isRemovedFromCurrentState()) {
         mLayer->traverse(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing,
-                         [&](Layer* layer) { layer->updateMirrorInfo({}); });
+                         [&](Layer* layer) { layer->updateMirrorInfo(); });
         mLayer->traverse(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing,
                          [&](Layer* layer) { layer->updateCloneBufferInfo(); });
     }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index b5ba94e..06ac8cb 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include <gui/LayerStatePermissions.h>
 #include <ui/DisplayIdentification.h>
 #include "BackgroundExecutor.h"
 #include "Client.h"
@@ -2544,7 +2545,7 @@
     }
 
     updateCursorAsync();
-    updateInputFlinger();
+    updateInputFlinger(vsyncId);
 
     if (mLayerTracingEnabled && !mLayerTracing.flagIsSet(LayerTracing::TRACE_COMPOSITION)) {
         // This will block and tracing should only be enabled for debugging.
@@ -3732,7 +3733,7 @@
     doCommitTransactions();
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::updateInputFlinger() {
+void SurfaceFlinger::updateInputFlinger(VsyncId vsyncId) {
     if (!mInputFlinger || (!mUpdateInputInfo && mInputWindowCommands.empty())) {
         return;
     }
@@ -3744,6 +3745,8 @@
     if (mUpdateInputInfo) {
         mUpdateInputInfo = false;
         updateWindowInfo = true;
+        mLastInputFlingerUpdateVsyncId = vsyncId;
+        mLastInputFlingerUpdateTimestamp = systemTime();
         buildWindowInfos(windowInfos, displayInfos);
     }
 
@@ -3773,7 +3776,9 @@
                                          std::move(
                                                  inputWindowCommands.windowInfosReportedListeners),
                                          /* forceImmediateCall= */ visibleWindowsChanged ||
-                                                 !inputWindowCommands.focusRequests.empty());
+                                                 !inputWindowCommands.focusRequests.empty(),
+                                         mLastInputFlingerUpdateVsyncId,
+                                         mLastInputFlingerUpdateTimestamp);
         } else {
             // If there are listeners but no changes to input windows, call the listeners
             // immediately.
@@ -4020,21 +4025,8 @@
     }
 
     commitOffscreenLayers();
-    if (mLayerMirrorRoots.size() > 0) {
-        std::deque<Layer*> pendingUpdates;
-        pendingUpdates.insert(pendingUpdates.end(), mLayerMirrorRoots.begin(),
-                              mLayerMirrorRoots.end());
-        std::vector<Layer*> needsUpdating;
-        for (Layer* cloneRoot : mLayerMirrorRoots) {
-            pendingUpdates.pop_front();
-            if (cloneRoot->updateMirrorInfo(pendingUpdates)) {
-            } else {
-                needsUpdating.push_back(cloneRoot);
-            }
-        }
-        for (Layer* cloneRoot : needsUpdating) {
-            cloneRoot->updateMirrorInfo({});
-        }
+    if (mNumClones > 0) {
+        mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) { layer->updateMirrorInfo(); });
     }
 }
 
@@ -4141,7 +4133,7 @@
         mBootStage = BootStage::BOOTANIMATION;
     }
 
-    if (mLayerMirrorRoots.size() > 0) {
+    if (mNumClones > 0) {
         mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) { layer->updateCloneBufferInfo(); });
     }
 
@@ -4401,7 +4393,7 @@
                                       transaction.inputWindowCommands,
                                       transaction.desiredPresentTime, transaction.isAutoTimestamp,
                                       std::move(transaction.uncacheBufferIds), transaction.postTime,
-                                      transaction.permissions, transaction.hasListenerCallbacks,
+                                      transaction.hasListenerCallbacks,
                                       transaction.listenerCallbacks, transaction.originPid,
                                       transaction.originUid, transaction.id);
     }
@@ -4480,24 +4472,27 @@
 status_t SurfaceFlinger::setTransactionState(
         const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo, Vector<ComposerState>& states,
         const Vector<DisplayState>& displays, uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& applyToken,
-        const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands, int64_t desiredPresentTime,
-        bool isAutoTimestamp, const std::vector<client_cache_t>& uncacheBuffers,
-        bool hasListenerCallbacks, const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks,
-        uint64_t transactionId) {
+        InputWindowCommands inputWindowCommands, int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
+        const std::vector<client_cache_t>& uncacheBuffers, bool hasListenerCallbacks,
+        const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks, uint64_t transactionId) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
-    uint32_t permissions =
-        callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess() ?
-        layer_state_t::Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER : 0;
-    // Avoid checking for rotation permissions if the caller already has ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER
-    // permissions.
-    if ((permissions & layer_state_t::Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER) ||
-        callingThreadHasPermission(sRotateSurfaceFlinger)) {
-        permissions |= layer_state_t::Permission::ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER;
+    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
+    const int originPid = ipc->getCallingPid();
+    const int originUid = ipc->getCallingUid();
+    uint32_t permissions = LayerStatePermissions::getTransactionPermissions(originPid, originUid);
+    for (auto composerState : states) {
+        composerState.state.sanitize(permissions);
     }
 
-    if (callingThreadHasPermission(sInternalSystemWindow)) {
-        permissions |= layer_state_t::Permission::INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW;
+    for (DisplayState display : displays) {
+        display.sanitize(permissions);
+    }
+
+    if (!inputWindowCommands.empty() &&
+        (permissions & layer_state_t::Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER) == 0) {
+        ALOGE("Only privileged callers are allowed to send input commands.");
+        inputWindowCommands.clear();
     }
 
     if (flags & (eEarlyWakeupStart | eEarlyWakeupEnd)) {
@@ -4513,10 +4508,6 @@
 
     const int64_t postTime = systemTime();
 
-    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
-    const int originPid = ipc->getCallingPid();
-    const int originUid = ipc->getCallingUid();
-
     std::vector<uint64_t> uncacheBufferIds;
     uncacheBufferIds.reserve(uncacheBuffers.size());
     for (const auto& uncacheBuffer : uncacheBuffers) {
@@ -4563,12 +4554,11 @@
                            displays,
                            flags,
                            applyToken,
-                           inputWindowCommands,
+                           std::move(inputWindowCommands),
                            desiredPresentTime,
                            isAutoTimestamp,
                            std::move(uncacheBufferIds),
                            postTime,
-                           permissions,
                            hasListenerCallbacks,
                            listenerCallbacks,
                            originPid,
@@ -4597,14 +4587,12 @@
                                            const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands,
                                            const int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
                                            const std::vector<uint64_t>& uncacheBufferIds,
-                                           const int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions,
-                                           bool hasListenerCallbacks,
+                                           const int64_t postTime, bool hasListenerCallbacks,
                                            const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks,
                                            int originPid, int originUid, uint64_t transactionId) {
     uint32_t transactionFlags = 0;
     if (!mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
         for (DisplayState& display : displays) {
-            display.sanitize(permissions);
             transactionFlags |= setDisplayStateLocked(display);
         }
     }
@@ -4621,12 +4609,12 @@
         if (mLegacyFrontEndEnabled) {
             clientStateFlags |=
                     setClientStateLocked(frameTimelineInfo, resolvedState, desiredPresentTime,
-                                         isAutoTimestamp, postTime, permissions, transactionId);
+                                         isAutoTimestamp, postTime, transactionId);
 
         } else /*mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled*/ {
             clientStateFlags |= updateLayerCallbacksAndStats(frameTimelineInfo, resolvedState,
                                                              desiredPresentTime, isAutoTimestamp,
-                                                             postTime, permissions, transactionId);
+                                                             postTime, transactionId);
         }
         if ((flags & eAnimation) && resolvedState.state.surface) {
             if (const auto layer = LayerHandle::getLayer(resolvedState.state.surface)) {
@@ -4643,12 +4631,7 @@
     }
 
     transactionFlags |= clientStateFlags;
-
-    if (permissions & layer_state_t::Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER) {
-        transactionFlags |= addInputWindowCommands(inputWindowCommands);
-    } else if (!inputWindowCommands.empty()) {
-        ALOGE("Only privileged callers are allowed to send input commands.");
-    }
+    transactionFlags |= addInputWindowCommands(inputWindowCommands);
 
     for (uint64_t uncacheBufferId : uncacheBufferIds) {
         mBufferIdsToUncache.push_back(uncacheBufferId);
@@ -4685,7 +4668,6 @@
     uint32_t transactionFlags = 0;
     for (auto& transaction : transactions) {
         for (DisplayState& display : transaction.displays) {
-            display.sanitize(transaction.permissions);
             transactionFlags |= setDisplayStateLocked(display);
         }
     }
@@ -4784,10 +4766,8 @@
 uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::setClientStateLocked(const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo,
                                               ResolvedComposerState& composerState,
                                               int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
-                                              int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions,
-                                              uint64_t transactionId) {
+                                              int64_t postTime, uint64_t transactionId) {
     layer_state_t& s = composerState.state;
-    s.sanitize(permissions);
 
     std::vector<ListenerCallbacks> filteredListeners;
     for (auto& listener : s.listeners) {
@@ -5136,10 +5116,8 @@
                                                       ResolvedComposerState& composerState,
                                                       int64_t desiredPresentTime,
                                                       bool isAutoTimestamp, int64_t postTime,
-                                                      uint32_t permissions,
                                                       uint64_t transactionId) {
     layer_state_t& s = composerState.state;
-    s.sanitize(permissions);
 
     std::vector<ListenerCallbacks> filteredListeners;
     for (auto& listener : s.listeners) {
@@ -5421,7 +5399,6 @@
     const nsecs_t now = systemTime();
     state.desiredPresentTime = now;
     state.postTime = now;
-    state.permissions = layer_state_t::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER;
     state.originPid = mPid;
     state.originUid = static_cast<int>(getuid());
     const uint64_t transactionId = (static_cast<uint64_t>(mPid) << 32) | mUniqueTransactionId++;
@@ -5497,14 +5474,19 @@
             onActiveDisplayChangedLocked(activeDisplay.get(), *display);
         }
 
-        // Keep uclamp in a separate syscall and set it before changing to RT due to b/190237315.
-        // We can merge the syscall later.
-        if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedAttr(true) != NO_ERROR) {
-            ALOGW("Couldn't set uclamp.min on display on: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        if (displayId == mActiveDisplayId) {
+            // TODO(b/281692563): Merge the syscalls. For now, keep uclamp in a separate syscall and
+            // set it before SCHED_FIFO due to b/190237315.
+            if (setSchedAttr(true) != NO_ERROR) {
+                ALOGW("Failed to set uclamp.min after powering on active display: %s",
+                      strerror(errno));
+            }
+            if (setSchedFifo(true) != NO_ERROR) {
+                ALOGW("Failed to set SCHED_FIFO after powering on active display: %s",
+                      strerror(errno));
+            }
         }
-        if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedFifo(true) != NO_ERROR) {
-            ALOGW("Couldn't set SCHED_FIFO on display on: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-        }
+
         getHwComposer().setPowerMode(displayId, mode);
         if (displayId == mActiveDisplayId && mode != hal::PowerMode::DOZE_SUSPEND) {
             setHWCVsyncEnabled(displayId,
@@ -5518,15 +5500,21 @@
         scheduleComposite(FrameHint::kActive);
     } else if (mode == hal::PowerMode::OFF) {
         // Turn off the display
-        if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedFifo(false) != NO_ERROR) {
-            ALOGW("Couldn't set SCHED_OTHER on display off: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-        }
-        if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedAttr(false) != NO_ERROR) {
-            ALOGW("Couldn't set uclamp.min on display off: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-        }
-        if (displayId == mActiveDisplayId && *currentModeOpt != hal::PowerMode::DOZE_SUSPEND) {
-            mScheduler->disableHardwareVsync(displayId, true);
-            mScheduler->enableSyntheticVsync();
+
+        if (displayId == mActiveDisplayId) {
+            if (setSchedFifo(false) != NO_ERROR) {
+                ALOGW("Failed to set SCHED_OTHER after powering off active display: %s",
+                      strerror(errno));
+            }
+            if (setSchedAttr(false) != NO_ERROR) {
+                ALOGW("Failed set uclamp.min after powering off active display: %s",
+                      strerror(errno));
+            }
+
+            if (*currentModeOpt != hal::PowerMode::DOZE_SUSPEND) {
+                mScheduler->disableHardwareVsync(displayId, true);
+                mScheduler->enableSyntheticVsync();
+            }
         }
 
         // Make sure HWVsync is disabled before turning off the display
@@ -6130,6 +6118,29 @@
 
     result.append(mTimeStats->miniDump());
     result.append("\n");
+
+    result.append("Window Infos:\n");
+    StringAppendF(&result, "  input flinger update vsync id: %" PRId64 "\n",
+                  mLastInputFlingerUpdateVsyncId.value);
+    StringAppendF(&result, "  input flinger update timestamp (ns): %" PRId64 "\n",
+                  mLastInputFlingerUpdateTimestamp);
+    result.append("\n");
+
+    if (int64_t unsentVsyncId = mWindowInfosListenerInvoker->getUnsentMessageVsyncId().value;
+        unsentVsyncId != -1) {
+        StringAppendF(&result, "  unsent input flinger update vsync id: %" PRId64 "\n",
+                      unsentVsyncId);
+        StringAppendF(&result, "  unsent input flinger update timestamp (ns): %" PRId64 "\n",
+                      mWindowInfosListenerInvoker->getUnsentMessageTimestamp());
+        result.append("\n");
+    }
+
+    if (uint32_t pendingMessages = mWindowInfosListenerInvoker->getPendingMessageCount();
+        pendingMessages != 0) {
+        StringAppendF(&result, "  pending input flinger calls: %" PRIu32 "\n",
+                      mWindowInfosListenerInvoker->getPendingMessageCount());
+        result.append("\n");
+    }
 }
 
 mat4 SurfaceFlinger::calculateColorMatrix(float saturation) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
index 92e19c0..d92ec7a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -296,7 +296,8 @@
     // the client can no longer modify this layer directly.
     void onHandleDestroyed(BBinder* handle, sp<Layer>& layer, uint32_t layerId);
 
-    std::vector<Layer*> mLayerMirrorRoots;
+    // TODO: Remove atomic if move dtor to main thread CL lands
+    std::atomic<uint32_t> mNumClones;
 
     TransactionCallbackInvoker& getTransactionCallbackInvoker() {
         return mTransactionCallbackInvoker;
@@ -510,7 +511,7 @@
     status_t setTransactionState(const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo,
                                  Vector<ComposerState>& state, const Vector<DisplayState>& displays,
                                  uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& applyToken,
-                                 const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands,
+                                 InputWindowCommands inputWindowCommands,
                                  int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
                                  const std::vector<client_cache_t>& uncacheBuffers,
                                  bool hasListenerCallbacks,
@@ -716,7 +717,7 @@
     void updateLayerHistory(const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot);
     frontend::Update flushLifecycleUpdates() REQUIRES(kMainThreadContext);
 
-    void updateInputFlinger();
+    void updateInputFlinger(VsyncId);
     void persistDisplayBrightness(bool needsComposite) REQUIRES(kMainThreadContext);
     void buildWindowInfos(std::vector<gui::WindowInfo>& outWindowInfos,
                           std::vector<gui::DisplayInfo>& outDisplayInfos);
@@ -731,14 +732,16 @@
     /*
      * Transactions
      */
-    bool applyTransactionState(
-            const FrameTimelineInfo& info, std::vector<ResolvedComposerState>& state,
-            Vector<DisplayState>& displays, uint32_t flags,
-            const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands, const int64_t desiredPresentTime,
-            bool isAutoTimestamp, const std::vector<uint64_t>& uncacheBufferIds,
-            const int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions, bool hasListenerCallbacks,
-            const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks, int originPid, int originUid,
-            uint64_t transactionId) REQUIRES(mStateLock);
+    bool applyTransactionState(const FrameTimelineInfo& info,
+                               std::vector<ResolvedComposerState>& state,
+                               Vector<DisplayState>& displays, uint32_t flags,
+                               const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands,
+                               const int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
+                               const std::vector<uint64_t>& uncacheBufferIds,
+                               const int64_t postTime, bool hasListenerCallbacks,
+                               const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks,
+                               int originPid, int originUid, uint64_t transactionId)
+            REQUIRES(mStateLock);
     // Flush pending transactions that were presented after desiredPresentTime.
     // For test only
     bool flushTransactionQueues(VsyncId) REQUIRES(kMainThreadContext);
@@ -759,12 +762,11 @@
 
     uint32_t setClientStateLocked(const FrameTimelineInfo&, ResolvedComposerState&,
                                   int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
-                                  int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions, uint64_t transactionId)
-            REQUIRES(mStateLock);
+                                  int64_t postTime, uint64_t transactionId) REQUIRES(mStateLock);
     uint32_t updateLayerCallbacksAndStats(const FrameTimelineInfo&, ResolvedComposerState&,
                                           int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
-                                          int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions,
-                                          uint64_t transactionId) REQUIRES(mStateLock);
+                                          int64_t postTime, uint64_t transactionId)
+            REQUIRES(mStateLock);
     uint32_t getTransactionFlags() const;
 
     // Sets the masked bits, and schedules a commit if needed.
@@ -1247,6 +1249,9 @@
 
     VsyncId mLastCommittedVsyncId;
 
+    VsyncId mLastInputFlingerUpdateVsyncId;
+    nsecs_t mLastInputFlingerUpdateTimestamp;
+
     // If blurs should be enabled on this device.
     bool mSupportsBlur = false;
     std::atomic<uint32_t> mFrameMissedCount = 0;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionState.h b/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionState.h
index 35c8b6c..62a7dfd 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionState.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionState.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
                      const Vector<DisplayState>& displayStates, uint32_t transactionFlags,
                      const sp<IBinder>& applyToken, const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands,
                      int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
-                     std::vector<uint64_t> uncacheBufferIds, int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions,
+                     std::vector<uint64_t> uncacheBufferIds, int64_t postTime,
                      bool hasListenerCallbacks, std::vector<ListenerCallbacks> listenerCallbacks,
                      int originPid, int originUid, uint64_t transactionId)
           : frameTimelineInfo(frameTimelineInfo),
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@
             isAutoTimestamp(isAutoTimestamp),
             uncacheBufferIds(std::move(uncacheBufferIds)),
             postTime(postTime),
-            permissions(permissions),
             hasListenerCallbacks(hasListenerCallbacks),
             listenerCallbacks(listenerCallbacks),
             originPid(originPid),
@@ -126,7 +125,6 @@
     bool isAutoTimestamp;
     std::vector<uint64_t> uncacheBufferIds;
     int64_t postTime;
-    uint32_t permissions;
     bool hasListenerCallbacks;
     std::vector<ListenerCallbacks> listenerCallbacks;
     int originPid;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.cpp
index 856fbbb..2b62638 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <ftl/small_vector.h>
 #include <gui/ISurfaceComposer.h>
+#include <gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h>
 
 #include "WindowInfosListenerInvoker.h"
 
@@ -86,11 +87,12 @@
 
 void WindowInfosListenerInvoker::windowInfosChanged(
         std::vector<WindowInfo> windowInfos, std::vector<DisplayInfo> displayInfos,
-        WindowInfosReportedListenerSet reportedListeners, bool forceImmediateCall) {
+        WindowInfosReportedListenerSet reportedListeners, bool forceImmediateCall, VsyncId vsyncId,
+        nsecs_t timestamp) {
     reportedListeners.insert(sp<WindowInfosListenerInvoker>::fromExisting(this));
     auto callListeners = [this, windowInfos = std::move(windowInfos),
-                          displayInfos = std::move(displayInfos)](
-                                 WindowInfosReportedListenerSet reportedListeners) mutable {
+                          displayInfos = std::move(displayInfos), vsyncId,
+                          timestamp](WindowInfosReportedListenerSet reportedListeners) mutable {
         WindowInfosListenerVector windowInfosListeners;
         {
             std::scoped_lock lock(mListenersMutex);
@@ -103,6 +105,9 @@
                 sp<WindowInfosReportedListenerInvoker>::make(windowInfosListeners,
                                                              std::move(reportedListeners));
 
+        gui::WindowInfosUpdate update(std::move(windowInfos), std::move(displayInfos),
+                                      vsyncId.value, timestamp);
+
         for (const auto& listener : windowInfosListeners) {
             sp<IBinder> asBinder = IInterface::asBinder(listener);
 
@@ -111,8 +116,7 @@
             // calling onWindowInfosReported.
             asBinder->linkToDeath(reportedInvoker);
 
-            auto status =
-                    listener->onWindowInfosChanged(windowInfos, displayInfos, reportedInvoker);
+            auto status = listener->onWindowInfosChanged(update, reportedInvoker);
             if (!status.isOk()) {
                 reportedInvoker->onWindowInfosReported();
             }
@@ -129,11 +133,15 @@
         // to reduce the amount of binder memory used.
         if (mActiveMessageCount > 0 && !forceImmediateCall) {
             mWindowInfosChangedDelayed = std::move(callListeners);
+            mUnsentVsyncId = vsyncId;
+            mUnsentTimestamp = timestamp;
             mReportedListenersDelayed.merge(reportedListeners);
             return;
         }
 
         mWindowInfosChangedDelayed = nullptr;
+        mUnsentVsyncId = {-1};
+        mUnsentTimestamp = -1;
         reportedListeners.merge(mReportedListenersDelayed);
         mActiveMessageCount++;
     }
@@ -154,6 +162,8 @@
         mActiveMessageCount++;
         callListeners = std::move(mWindowInfosChangedDelayed);
         mWindowInfosChangedDelayed = nullptr;
+        mUnsentVsyncId = {-1};
+        mUnsentTimestamp = -1;
         reportedListeners = std::move(mReportedListenersDelayed);
         mReportedListenersDelayed.clear();
     }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.h b/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.h
index 4da9828..e35d056 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/WindowInfosListenerInvoker.h
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <gui/SpHash.h>
 #include <utils/Mutex.h>
 
+#include "scheduler/VsyncId.h"
+
 namespace android {
 
 using WindowInfosReportedListenerSet =
@@ -40,10 +42,25 @@
 
     void windowInfosChanged(std::vector<gui::WindowInfo>, std::vector<gui::DisplayInfo>,
                             WindowInfosReportedListenerSet windowInfosReportedListeners,
-                            bool forceImmediateCall);
+                            bool forceImmediateCall, VsyncId vsyncId, nsecs_t timestamp);
 
     binder::Status onWindowInfosReported() override;
 
+    VsyncId getUnsentMessageVsyncId() {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mMessagesMutex);
+        return mUnsentVsyncId;
+    }
+
+    nsecs_t getUnsentMessageTimestamp() {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mMessagesMutex);
+        return mUnsentTimestamp;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t getPendingMessageCount() {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mMessagesMutex);
+        return mActiveMessageCount;
+    }
+
 protected:
     void binderDied(const wp<IBinder>& who) override;
 
@@ -58,6 +75,8 @@
     uint32_t mActiveMessageCount GUARDED_BY(mMessagesMutex) = 0;
     std::function<void(WindowInfosReportedListenerSet)> mWindowInfosChangedDelayed
             GUARDED_BY(mMessagesMutex);
+    VsyncId mUnsentVsyncId GUARDED_BY(mMessagesMutex) = {-1};
+    nsecs_t mUnsentTimestamp GUARDED_BY(mMessagesMutex) = -1;
     WindowInfosReportedListenerSet mReportedListenersDelayed;
 };
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_fuzzers_utils.h b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_fuzzers_utils.h
index c1bab0e..4d13aca 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_fuzzers_utils.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_fuzzers_utils.h
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@
         mFlinger->binderDied(display);
         mFlinger->onFirstRef();
 
-        mFlinger->updateInputFlinger();
+        mFlinger->updateInputFlinger(VsyncId{0});
         mFlinger->updateCursorAsync();
 
         mutableScheduler().setVsyncConfig({.sfOffset = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/main_surfaceflinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/main_surfaceflinger.cpp
index 0495678..cf23169 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/main_surfaceflinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/main_surfaceflinger.cpp
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
     // Set uclamp.min setting on all threads, maybe an overkill but we want
     // to cover important threads like RenderEngine.
     if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedAttr(true) != NO_ERROR) {
-        ALOGW("Couldn't set uclamp.min: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        ALOGW("Failed to set uclamp.min during boot: %s", strerror(errno));
     }
 
     // The binder threadpool we start will inherit sched policy and priority
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
     startDisplayService(); // dependency on SF getting registered above
 
     if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedFifo(true) != NO_ERROR) {
-        ALOGW("Couldn't set to SCHED_FIFO: %s", strerror(errno));
+        ALOGW("Failed to set SCHED_FIFO during boot: %s", strerror(errno));
     }
 
     // run surface flinger in this thread
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Credentials_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Credentials_test.cpp
index 4a45eb5..69e9a16 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Credentials_test.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Credentials_test.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <functional>
 #include "utils/ScreenshotUtils.h"
+#include "utils/WindowInfosListenerUtils.h"
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -378,6 +379,58 @@
     ASSERT_NE(static_cast<ColorMode>(BAD_VALUE), colorMode);
 }
 
+TEST_F(CredentialsTest, TransactionPermissionTest) {
+    WindowInfosListenerUtils windowInfosListenerUtils;
+    std::string name = "Test Layer";
+    sp<IBinder> token = sp<BBinder>::make();
+    WindowInfo windowInfo;
+    windowInfo.name = name;
+    windowInfo.token = token;
+    sp<SurfaceControl> surfaceControl =
+            mComposerClient->createSurface(String8(name.c_str()), 100, 100, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
+                                           ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceBufferState);
+    const Rect crop(0, 0, 100, 100);
+    {
+        UIDFaker f(AID_SYSTEM);
+        Transaction()
+                .setLayerStack(surfaceControl, ui::DEFAULT_LAYER_STACK)
+                .show(surfaceControl)
+                .setLayer(surfaceControl, INT32_MAX - 1)
+                .setCrop(surfaceControl, crop)
+                .setInputWindowInfo(surfaceControl, windowInfo)
+                .apply();
+    }
+
+    // Called from non privileged process
+    Transaction().setTrustedOverlay(surfaceControl, true);
+    {
+        UIDFaker f(AID_SYSTEM);
+        auto windowIsPresentAndNotTrusted = [&](const std::vector<WindowInfo>& windowInfos) {
+            auto foundWindowInfo =
+                    WindowInfosListenerUtils::findMatchingWindowInfo(windowInfo, windowInfos);
+            if (!foundWindowInfo) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return !foundWindowInfo->inputConfig.test(WindowInfo::InputConfig::TRUSTED_OVERLAY);
+        };
+        windowInfosListenerUtils.waitForWindowInfosPredicate(windowIsPresentAndNotTrusted);
+    }
+
+    {
+        UIDFaker f(AID_SYSTEM);
+        Transaction().setTrustedOverlay(surfaceControl, true);
+        auto windowIsPresentAndTrusted = [&](const std::vector<WindowInfo>& windowInfos) {
+            auto foundWindowInfo =
+                    WindowInfosListenerUtils::findMatchingWindowInfo(windowInfo, windowInfos);
+            if (!foundWindowInfo) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return foundWindowInfo->inputConfig.test(WindowInfo::InputConfig::TRUSTED_OVERLAY);
+        };
+        windowInfosListenerUtils.waitForWindowInfosPredicate(windowIsPresentAndTrusted);
+    }
+}
+
 } // namespace android
 
 // TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/WindowInfosListener_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/WindowInfosListener_test.cpp
index f4a8f03..ad9a674 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/WindowInfosListener_test.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/WindowInfosListener_test.cpp
@@ -16,14 +16,17 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h>
+#include <gui/WindowInfosUpdate.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <future>
+#include "utils/WindowInfosListenerUtils.h"
 
 namespace android {
 using Transaction = SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction;
 using gui::DisplayInfo;
 using gui::WindowInfo;
+constexpr auto findMatchingWindowInfo = WindowInfosListenerUtils::findMatchingWindowInfo;
 
 using WindowInfosPredicate = std::function<bool(const std::vector<WindowInfo>&)>;
 
@@ -36,46 +39,14 @@
 
     void TearDown() override { seteuid(AID_ROOT); }
 
-    struct WindowInfosListener : public gui::WindowInfosListener {
-    public:
-        WindowInfosListener(WindowInfosPredicate predicate, std::promise<void>& promise)
-              : mPredicate(std::move(predicate)), mPromise(promise) {}
-
-        void onWindowInfosChanged(const std::vector<WindowInfo>& windowInfos,
-                                  const std::vector<DisplayInfo>&) override {
-            if (mPredicate(windowInfos)) {
-                mPromise.set_value();
-            }
-        }
-
-    private:
-        WindowInfosPredicate mPredicate;
-        std::promise<void>& mPromise;
-    };
-
     sp<SurfaceComposerClient> mClient;
+    WindowInfosListenerUtils mWindowInfosListenerUtils;
 
-    bool waitForWindowInfosPredicate(WindowInfosPredicate predicate) {
-        std::promise<void> promise;
-        auto listener = sp<WindowInfosListener>::make(std::move(predicate), promise);
-        mClient->addWindowInfosListener(listener);
-        auto future = promise.get_future();
-        bool satisfied = future.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds{1}) == std::future_status::ready;
-        mClient->removeWindowInfosListener(listener);
-        return satisfied;
+    bool waitForWindowInfosPredicate(const WindowInfosPredicate& predicate) {
+        return mWindowInfosListenerUtils.waitForWindowInfosPredicate(std::move(predicate));
     }
 };
 
-const WindowInfo* findMatchingWindowInfo(const WindowInfo& targetWindowInfo,
-                                         const std::vector<WindowInfo>& windowInfos) {
-    for (const WindowInfo& windowInfo : windowInfos) {
-        if (windowInfo.token == targetWindowInfo.token) {
-            return &windowInfo;
-        }
-    }
-    return nullptr;
-}
-
 TEST_F(WindowInfosListenerTest, WindowInfoAddedAndRemoved) {
     std::string name = "Test Layer";
     sp<IBinder> token = sp<BBinder>::make();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp
index dbb7c6c..6a641b3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
                                               transaction.applyToken,
                                               transaction.inputWindowCommands,
                                               transaction.desiredPresentTime,
-                                              transaction.isAutoTimestamp, {}, systemTime(), 0,
+                                              transaction.isAutoTimestamp, {}, systemTime(),
                                               mHasListenerCallbacks, mCallbacks, getpid(),
                                               static_cast<int>(getuid()), transaction.id);
             mFlinger.setTransactionStateInternal(transactionState);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/utils/WindowInfosListenerUtils.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/utils/WindowInfosListenerUtils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e28a75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/utils/WindowInfosListenerUtils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h>
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <future>
+
+namespace android {
+using Transaction = SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction;
+using gui::DisplayInfo;
+using gui::WindowInfo;
+
+using WindowInfosPredicate = std::function<bool(const std::vector<WindowInfo>&)>;
+
+class WindowInfosListenerUtils {
+public:
+    WindowInfosListenerUtils() { mClient = sp<SurfaceComposerClient>::make(); }
+
+    bool waitForWindowInfosPredicate(const WindowInfosPredicate& predicate) {
+        std::promise<void> promise;
+        auto listener = sp<WindowInfosListener>::make(std::move(predicate), promise);
+        mClient->addWindowInfosListener(listener);
+        auto future = promise.get_future();
+        bool satisfied = future.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds{1}) == std::future_status::ready;
+        mClient->removeWindowInfosListener(listener);
+        return satisfied;
+    }
+
+    static const WindowInfo* findMatchingWindowInfo(const WindowInfo& targetWindowInfo,
+                                                    const std::vector<WindowInfo>& windowInfos) {
+        for (const WindowInfo& windowInfo : windowInfos) {
+            if (windowInfo.token == targetWindowInfo.token) {
+                return &windowInfo;
+            }
+        }
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+private:
+    struct WindowInfosListener : public gui::WindowInfosListener {
+    public:
+        WindowInfosListener(WindowInfosPredicate predicate, std::promise<void>& promise)
+              : mPredicate(std::move(predicate)), mPromise(promise) {}
+
+        void onWindowInfosChanged(const gui::WindowInfosUpdate& update) override {
+            if (mPredicate(update.windowInfos)) {
+                mPromise.set_value();
+            }
+        }
+
+    private:
+        WindowInfosPredicate mPredicate;
+        std::promise<void>& mPromise;
+    };
+
+    sp<SurfaceComposerClient> mClient;
+};
+
+} // namespace android