diff --git a/install/include/install/wipe_data.h b/install/include/install/wipe_data.h
index 255d9b1..1796bcc 100644
--- a/install/include/install/wipe_data.h
+++ b/install/include/install/wipe_data.h
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
 struct selabel_handle;
 
 // Returns true on success.
-bool WipeCache(RecoveryUI* ui, const std::function<bool()>& confirm);
+bool WipeCache(RecoveryUI* ui, const std::function<bool()>& confirm,
+               std::string_view new_fstype = "");
 
 // Returns true on success.
-bool WipeData(Device* device, bool keep_memtag_mode = false);
+bool WipeData(Device* device, bool keep_memtag_mode = false, std::string_view new_fstype = "");
diff --git a/install/wipe_data.cpp b/install/wipe_data.cpp
index 7aff622..0f57384 100644
--- a/install/wipe_data.cpp
+++ b/install/wipe_data.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 #include "bootloader_message/bootloader_message.h"
 #include "install/snapshot_utils.h"
-#include "otautil/dirutil.h"
 #include "recovery_ui/ui.h"
 #include "recovery_utils/logging.h"
 #include "recovery_utils/roots.h"
@@ -36,7 +35,8 @@
 constexpr const char* DATA_ROOT = "/data";
 constexpr const char* METADATA_ROOT = "/metadata";
 
-static bool EraseVolume(const char* volume, RecoveryUI* ui) {
+static bool EraseVolume(const char* volume, RecoveryUI* ui, std::string_view new_fstype) {
+  LOG(INFO) << "Erasing volume " << volume << " with new filesystem type " << new_fstype;
   bool is_cache = (strcmp(volume, CACHE_ROOT) == 0);
 
   std::vector<saved_log_file> log_files;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 
   ensure_path_unmounted(volume);
 
-  int result = format_volume(volume);
+  int result = format_volume(volume, "", new_fstype);
 
   if (is_cache) {
     RestoreLogFilesAfterFormat(log_files);
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@
   return (result == 0);
 }
 
-bool WipeCache(RecoveryUI* ui, const std::function<bool()>& confirm_func) {
+bool WipeCache(RecoveryUI* ui, const std::function<bool()>& confirm_func,
+               std::string_view new_fstype) {
   bool has_cache = volume_for_mount_point("/cache") != nullptr;
   if (!has_cache) {
     ui->Print("No /cache partition found.\n");
@@ -74,14 +75,14 @@
   ui->SetBackground(RecoveryUI::ERASING);
   ui->SetProgressType(RecoveryUI::INDETERMINATE);
 
-  bool success = EraseVolume("/cache", ui);
+  bool success = EraseVolume("/cache", ui, new_fstype);
   ui->Print("Cache wipe %s.\n", success ? "complete" : "failed");
   return success;
 }
 
-bool WipeData(Device* device, bool keep_memtag_mode) {
+bool WipeData(Device* device, bool keep_memtag_mode, std::string_view data_fstype) {
   RecoveryUI* ui = device->GetUI();
-  ui->Print("\n-- Wiping data...\n");
+  ui->Print("\n-- Wiping data %.*s...\n", static_cast<int>(data_fstype.size()), data_fstype.data());
   ui->SetBackground(RecoveryUI::ERASING);
   ui->SetProgressType(RecoveryUI::INDETERMINATE);
 
@@ -92,13 +93,13 @@
 
   bool success = device->PreWipeData();
   if (success) {
-    success &= EraseVolume(DATA_ROOT, ui);
+    success &= EraseVolume(DATA_ROOT, ui, data_fstype);
     bool has_cache = volume_for_mount_point("/cache") != nullptr;
     if (has_cache) {
-      success &= EraseVolume(CACHE_ROOT, ui);
+      success &= EraseVolume(CACHE_ROOT, ui, data_fstype);
     }
     if (volume_for_mount_point(METADATA_ROOT) != nullptr) {
-      success &= EraseVolume(METADATA_ROOT, ui);
+      success &= EraseVolume(METADATA_ROOT, ui, data_fstype);
     }
   }
   if (keep_memtag_mode) {
diff --git a/recovery.cpp b/recovery.cpp
index 1a6a7d6..e7a33a9 100644
--- a/recovery.cpp
+++ b/recovery.cpp
@@ -16,11 +16,8 @@
 
 #include "recovery.h"
 
-#include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-#include <limits.h>
 #include <linux/input.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -51,7 +48,6 @@
 #include "install/snapshot_utils.h"
 #include "install/wipe_data.h"
 #include "install/wipe_device.h"
-#include "otautil/boot_state.h"
 #include "otautil/error_code.h"
 #include "otautil/package.h"
 #include "otautil/paths.h"
@@ -463,7 +459,7 @@
         WriteUpdateInProgress();
 
         bool adb = true;
-        Device::BuiltinAction reboot_action;
+        Device::BuiltinAction reboot_action{};
         if (chosen_action == Device::ENTER_RESCUE) {
           // Switch to graphics screen.
           ui->ShowText(false);
@@ -610,6 +606,7 @@
     { "wipe_data", no_argument, nullptr, 0 },
     { "keep_memtag_mode", no_argument, nullptr, 0 },
     { "wipe_package_size", required_argument, nullptr, 0 },
+    { "reformat_data", required_argument, nullptr, 0 },
     { nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0 },
   };
 
@@ -632,8 +629,9 @@
 
   auto args_to_parse = StringVectorToNullTerminatedArray(args);
 
-  int arg;
-  int option_index;
+  int arg = 0;
+  int option_index = 0;
+  std::string data_fstype;
   // Parse everything before the last element (which must be a nullptr). getopt_long(3) expects a
   // null-terminated char* array, but without counting null as an arg (i.e. argv[argc] should be
   // nullptr).
@@ -677,6 +675,8 @@
           should_wipe_data = true;
         } else if (option == "wipe_package_size") {
           android::base::ParseUint(optarg, &wipe_package_size);
+        } else if (option == "reformat_data") {
+          data_fstype = optarg;
         } else if (option == "keep_memtag_mode") {
           should_keep_memtag_mode = true;
         }
@@ -698,7 +698,7 @@
   // otherwise set it to "installing system update".
   ui->SetSystemUpdateText(security_update);
 
-  int st_cur, st_max;
+  int st_cur = 0, st_max = 0;
   if (!device->GetStage().has_value() &&
       sscanf(device->GetStage().value().c_str(), "%d/%d", &st_cur, &st_max) == 2) {
     ui->SetStage(st_cur, st_max);
@@ -731,7 +731,7 @@
     // to log the update attempt since update_package is non-NULL.
     save_current_log = true;
 
-    if (int required_battery_level; retry_count == 0 && !IsBatteryOk(&required_battery_level)) {
+    if (int required_battery_level = 0; retry_count == 0 && !IsBatteryOk(&required_battery_level)) {
       ui->Print("battery capacity is not enough for installing package: %d%% needed\n",
                 required_battery_level);
       // Log the error code to last_install when installation skips due to low battery.
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@
   } else if (should_wipe_data) {
     save_current_log = true;
     CHECK(device->GetReason().has_value());
-    if (!WipeData(device, should_keep_memtag_mode)) {
+    if (!WipeData(device, should_keep_memtag_mode, data_fstype)) {
       status = INSTALL_ERROR;
     }
   } else if (should_prompt_and_wipe_data) {
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@
     }
   } else if (should_wipe_cache) {
     save_current_log = true;
-    if (!WipeCache(ui, nullptr)) {
+    if (!WipeCache(ui, nullptr, data_fstype)) {
       status = INSTALL_ERROR;
     }
   } else if (should_wipe_ab) {
diff --git a/recovery_main.cpp b/recovery_main.cpp
index 1c2b407..345d645 100644
--- a/recovery_main.cpp
+++ b/recovery_main.cpp
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
         // Skip empty and '\0'-filled tokens.
         if (!it->empty() && (*it)[0] != '\0') args.push_back(std::move(*it));
       }
-      LOG(INFO) << "Got " << args.size() << " arguments from boot message";
+      LOG(INFO) << "Got " << args.size() << " arguments from boot message " << android::base::Join(args, ", ");
     } else if (boot.recovery[0] != 0) {
       LOG(ERROR) << "Bad boot message: \"" << boot_recovery << "\"";
     }
diff --git a/recovery_utils/include/recovery_utils/roots.h b/recovery_utils/include/recovery_utils/roots.h
index 92ee756..6afefb8 100644
--- a/recovery_utils/include/recovery_utils/roots.h
+++ b/recovery_utils/include/recovery_utils/roots.h
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@
 // "/cache"), no paths permitted.  Attempts to unmount the volume if
 // it is mounted.
 // Copies 'directory' to root of the newly formatted volume
-int format_volume(const std::string& volume, const std::string& directory);
+int format_volume(const std::string& volume, const std::string& directory,
+                  std::string_view new_fstype);
 
 // Ensure that all and only the volumes that packages expect to find
 // mounted (/tmp and /cache) are mounted.  Returns 0 on success.
diff --git a/recovery_utils/roots.cpp b/recovery_utils/roots.cpp
index 5c95cba..6396d44 100644
--- a/recovery_utils/roots.cpp
+++ b/recovery_utils/roots.cpp
@@ -130,7 +130,8 @@
   return computed_size;
 }
 
-int format_volume(const std::string& volume, const std::string& directory) {
+int format_volume(const std::string& volume, const std::string& directory,
+                  std::string_view new_fstype) {
   const FstabEntry* v = android::fs_mgr::GetEntryForPath(&fstab, volume);
   if (v == nullptr) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "unknown volume \"" << volume << "\"";
@@ -176,25 +177,11 @@
   }
 
   // If the raw disk will be used as a metadata encrypted device mapper target,
-  // next boot will do encrypt_in_place the raw disk which gives a subtle duration
-  // to get any failure in the process. In order to avoid it, let's simply wipe
-  // the raw disk if we don't reserve any space, which behaves exactly same as booting
-  // after "fastboot -w".
-  if (!v->metadata_key_dir.empty() && length == 0) {
-    android::base::unique_fd fd(open(v->blk_device.c_str(), O_RDWR));
-    if (fd == -1) {
-      PLOG(ERROR) << "format_volume: failed to open " << v->blk_device;
-      return -1;
-    }
-    int64_t device_size = get_file_size(fd.get(), 0);
-    if (device_size > 0 && !wipe_block_device(fd.get(), device_size)) {
-      LOG(INFO) << "format_volume: wipe metadata encrypted " << v->blk_device << " with size "
-                << device_size;
-      return 0;
-    }
-  }
+  // next boot will first mount this partition as read only, and then unmount,
+  // call encrypt_inplace.
 
-  if (v->fs_type == "ext4") {
+  if ((v->fs_type == "ext4" && new_fstype.empty()) || new_fstype == "ext4") {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Formatting " << v->blk_device << " as ext4";
     static constexpr int kBlockSize = 4096;
     std::vector<std::string> mke2fs_args = {
       "/system/bin/mke2fs", "-F", "-t", "ext4", "-b", std::to_string(kBlockSize),
@@ -246,6 +233,7 @@
   }
 
   // Has to be f2fs because we checked earlier.
+  LOG(INFO) << "Formatting " << v->blk_device << " as f2fs";
   static constexpr int kSectorSize = 4096;
   std::vector<std::string> make_f2fs_cmd = {
     "/system/bin/make_f2fs",
@@ -290,7 +278,7 @@
 }
 
 int format_volume(const std::string& volume) {
-  return format_volume(volume, "");
+  return format_volume(volume, "", "");
 }
 
 int setup_install_mounts() {