ART: Clean up arm64 kNumberOfXRegisters usage.

Avoid undefined behavior for arm64 stemming from 1u << 32 in
loops with upper bound kNumberOfXRegisters.

Create iterators for enumerating bits in an integer either
from high to low or from low to high and use them for
<arch>Context::FillCalleeSaves() on all architectures.

Refactor runtime/utils.{h,cc} by moving all bit-fiddling
functions to runtime/base/bit_utils.{h,cc} (together with
the new bit iterators) and all time-related functions to
runtime/base/time_utils.{h,cc}. Improve test coverage and
fix some corner cases for the bit-fiddling functions.

Bug: 13925192
Change-Id: I704884dab15b41ecf7a1c47d397ab1c3fc7ee0f7
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm64.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm64.cc
index b6d99ab..ced60cd 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm64.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm64.cc
@@ -1738,7 +1738,7 @@
   Register out = OutputRegister(instruction);
   Register dividend = InputRegisterAt(instruction, 0);
   int64_t imm = Int64FromConstant(second.GetConstant());
-  int64_t abs_imm = std::abs(imm);
+  uint64_t abs_imm = static_cast<uint64_t>(std::abs(imm));
   DCHECK(IsPowerOfTwo(abs_imm));
   int ctz_imm = CTZ(abs_imm);