Add class status for resolved erroneous classes.

Split the old ambiguous status mirror::Class::kStatusError
into kStatusErrorUnresolved and kStatusErrorResolved. Once
a class has been resolved, IsResolved() shall return true
even if the class later becomes erroneous. Allow returning
erroneous class from ClassLinker::EnsureResolved() if it has
been previously resolved. This allows consistent behavior
for retrieving classes, immune to multi-threaded races and
multi-dex weirdness. It also allows JVMTI to properly report
"prepared" (i.e. resolved) classes that are also erroneous.

The new behavior is consistent with the RI.

Add regression tests to 008-exceptions for inconsistent
behavior for multi-dex retrieval of erroneous resolved class
(wrapping or not wrapping the old exception based on which
dex file is used for lookup) and for a CHECK(IsResolved())
crash in ClassLinker::LoadSuperAndInterfaces() (without any
tests for similar checks that could have previously failed
only due to extremely unlikely race conditions; these should
now also be fixed).

Inconsistency still remains for class verification as shown
by the new exceptionsForSuperClassInitFailure() test in
008-exceptions, where interpreter and Optimizing still
cause different exceptions to be thrown.

Note: This is partially changing behavior implemented for
bug 28787733. Since we allow the class loader to retrieve an
erroneous resolved class, the ExceptionInInitializerError is
not thrown at all from VMClassLoader_findLoadedClass(), so
there is nothing to wrap in ClassNotFoundException.

Test: m test-art-host
Bug: 30627598
Bug: 28787733
Change-Id: I86cdca00f35a0d6221d2559e3026ac0428a3613c
diff --git a/test/142-classloader2/src/Main.java b/test/142-classloader2/src/Main.java
index 80b00e7..a0c7764 100644
--- a/test/142-classloader2/src/Main.java
+++ b/test/142-classloader2/src/Main.java
@@ -74,16 +74,25 @@
         // Try to load a dex file with bad dex code. Use new instance to force verification.
         try {
           Class<?> badClass = Main.class.getClassLoader().loadClass("B");
+          System.out.println("Loaded class B.");
           badClass.newInstance();
-          System.out.println("Should not be able to load class from bad dex file.");
+          System.out.println("Should not be able to instantiate B with bad dex bytecode.");
         } catch (VerifyError e) {
+          System.out.println("Caught VerifyError.");
         }
 
         // Make sure the same error is rethrown when reloading the bad class.
         try {
           Class<?> badClass = Main.class.getClassLoader().loadClass("B");
-          System.out.println("Should not be able to load class from bad dex file.");
-        } catch (VerifyError e) {
+          System.out.println("Loaded class B.");
+          badClass.newInstance();
+          System.out.println("Should not be able to instantiate B with bad dex bytecode.");
+        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e) {
+          if (e.getCause() instanceof VerifyError) {
+            System.out.println("Caught wrapped VerifyError.");
+          } else {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+          }
         }
 
         System.out.println("Everything OK.");