Reland^2 "ART: Rewrite compiled code check in FaultHandler."

This reverts commit 0110e952e488bc41429f6f33f36e8884f41a26d8.

Reason for revert: Reland with a fix: Release the
mutator lock before requesting an empty checkpoint.

Test: m test-art-host-gtest
Test: testrunner.py --host --optimizing --jit
Test: run-gtests.sh
Test: testrunner.py --target --optimizing
Bug: 38383823
Change-Id: Idf82d3b77465453b8e70b40e32af193f266b357b
9 files changed