slow down printk during boot
Optionally add a boot delay after each kernel printk() call, crudely
measured in milliseconds, with a maximum delay of 10 seconds per printk.
Enable CONFIG_BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY=y and then add (e.g.):
"lpj=loops_per_jiffy boot_delay=100"
to the kernel command line.
It has been useful in cases like "during boot, my machine just reboots or the
screen goes black" by slowing down printk, (and adding initcall_debug), we can
usually see the last thing that happened before the lights went out which is
usually a valuable clue.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: not all architectures implement CONFIG_HZ]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix lots of stuff]
[bunk@stusta.de: kernel/printk.c: make 2 variables static]
[heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com: fix slow down printk on boot compile error]
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
diff --git a/kernel/printk.c b/kernel/printk.c
index 8451dfc..b2b5c3a 100644
--- a/kernel/printk.c
+++ b/kernel/printk.c
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
#include <linux/tty_driver.h>
#include <linux/console.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>
+#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h> /* For in_interrupt() */
@@ -162,6 +164,61 @@
__setup("log_buf_len=", log_buf_len_setup);
+#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY
+
+static unsigned int boot_delay; /* msecs delay after each printk during bootup */
+static unsigned long long printk_delay_msec; /* per msec, based on boot_delay */
+
+static int __init boot_delay_setup(char *str)
+{
+ unsigned long lpj;
+ unsigned long long loops_per_msec;
+
+ lpj = preset_lpj ? preset_lpj : 1000000; /* some guess */
+ loops_per_msec = (unsigned long long)lpj / 1000 * HZ;
+
+ get_option(&str, &boot_delay);
+ if (boot_delay > 10 * 1000)
+ boot_delay = 0;
+
+ printk_delay_msec = loops_per_msec;
+ printk(KERN_DEBUG "boot_delay: %u, preset_lpj: %ld, lpj: %lu, "
+ "HZ: %d, printk_delay_msec: %llu\n",
+ boot_delay, preset_lpj, lpj, HZ, printk_delay_msec);
+ return 1;
+}
+__setup("boot_delay=", boot_delay_setup);
+
+static void boot_delay_msec(void)
+{
+ unsigned long long k;
+ unsigned long timeout;
+
+ if (boot_delay == 0 || system_state != SYSTEM_BOOTING)
+ return;
+
+ k = (unsigned long long)printk_delay_msec * boot_delay;
+
+ timeout = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(boot_delay);
+ while (k) {
+ k--;
+ cpu_relax();
+ /*
+ * use (volatile) jiffies to prevent
+ * compiler reduction; loop termination via jiffies
+ * is secondary and may or may not happen.
+ */
+ if (time_after(jiffies, timeout))
+ break;
+ touch_nmi_watchdog();
+ }
+}
+#else
+static inline void boot_delay_msec(void)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
/*
* Commands to do_syslog:
*
@@ -527,6 +584,8 @@
static char printk_buf[1024];
static int log_level_unknown = 1;
+ boot_delay_msec();
+
preempt_disable();
if (unlikely(oops_in_progress) && printk_cpu == smp_processor_id())
/* If a crash is occurring during printk() on this CPU,