diff --git a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
index 46f4056..43816f8 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 {
 	WARN_ON(atomic_read(&transaction->use_count) == 0);
 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&transaction->use_count)) {
+		BUG_ON(!list_empty(&transaction->list));
 		memset(transaction, 0, sizeof(*transaction));
 		kmem_cache_free(btrfs_transaction_cachep, transaction);
 	}
@@ -48,47 +49,73 @@
 /*
  * either allocate a new transaction or hop into the existing one
  */
-static noinline int join_transaction(struct btrfs_root *root)
+static noinline int join_transaction(struct btrfs_root *root, int nofail)
 {
 	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans;
+
+	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (root->fs_info->trans_no_join) {
+		if (!nofail) {
+			spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
 	cur_trans = root->fs_info->running_transaction;
-	if (!cur_trans) {
-		cur_trans = kmem_cache_alloc(btrfs_transaction_cachep,
-					     GFP_NOFS);
-		if (!cur_trans)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-		root->fs_info->generation++;
-		atomic_set(&cur_trans->num_writers, 1);
-		cur_trans->num_joined = 0;
-		cur_trans->transid = root->fs_info->generation;
-		init_waitqueue_head(&cur_trans->writer_wait);
-		init_waitqueue_head(&cur_trans->commit_wait);
-		cur_trans->in_commit = 0;
-		cur_trans->blocked = 0;
-		atomic_set(&cur_trans->use_count, 1);
-		cur_trans->commit_done = 0;
-		cur_trans->start_time = get_seconds();
-
-		cur_trans->delayed_refs.root = RB_ROOT;
-		cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_entries = 0;
-		cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_heads_ready = 0;
-		cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_heads = 0;
-		cur_trans->delayed_refs.flushing = 0;
-		cur_trans->delayed_refs.run_delayed_start = 0;
-		spin_lock_init(&cur_trans->delayed_refs.lock);
-
-		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->pending_snapshots);
-		list_add_tail(&cur_trans->list, &root->fs_info->trans_list);
-		extent_io_tree_init(&cur_trans->dirty_pages,
-				     root->fs_info->btree_inode->i_mapping,
-				     GFP_NOFS);
-		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->new_trans_lock);
-		root->fs_info->running_transaction = cur_trans;
-		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->new_trans_lock);
-	} else {
+	if (cur_trans) {
+		atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
 		atomic_inc(&cur_trans->num_writers);
 		cur_trans->num_joined++;
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+		return 0;
 	}
+	spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	cur_trans = kmem_cache_alloc(btrfs_transaction_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!cur_trans)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (root->fs_info->running_transaction) {
+		kmem_cache_free(btrfs_transaction_cachep, cur_trans);
+		cur_trans = root->fs_info->running_transaction;
+		atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+		atomic_inc(&cur_trans->num_writers);
+		cur_trans->num_joined++;
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	atomic_set(&cur_trans->num_writers, 1);
+	cur_trans->num_joined = 0;
+	init_waitqueue_head(&cur_trans->writer_wait);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&cur_trans->commit_wait);
+	cur_trans->in_commit = 0;
+	cur_trans->blocked = 0;
+	/*
+	 * One for this trans handle, one so it will live on until we
+	 * commit the transaction.
+	 */
+	atomic_set(&cur_trans->use_count, 2);
+	cur_trans->commit_done = 0;
+	cur_trans->start_time = get_seconds();
+
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.root = RB_ROOT;
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_entries = 0;
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_heads_ready = 0;
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_heads = 0;
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.flushing = 0;
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.run_delayed_start = 0;
+	spin_lock_init(&cur_trans->commit_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&cur_trans->delayed_refs.lock);
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->pending_snapshots);
+	list_add_tail(&cur_trans->list, &root->fs_info->trans_list);
+	extent_io_tree_init(&cur_trans->dirty_pages,
+			     root->fs_info->btree_inode->i_mapping,
+			     GFP_NOFS);
+	root->fs_info->generation++;
+	cur_trans->transid = root->fs_info->generation;
+	root->fs_info->running_transaction = cur_trans;
+	spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -99,39 +126,28 @@
  * to make sure the old root from before we joined the transaction is deleted
  * when the transaction commits
  */
-static noinline int record_root_in_trans(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-					 struct btrfs_root *root)
+int btrfs_record_root_in_trans(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+			       struct btrfs_root *root)
 {
 	if (root->ref_cows && root->last_trans < trans->transid) {
 		WARN_ON(root == root->fs_info->extent_root);
 		WARN_ON(root->commit_root != root->node);
 
+		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+		if (root->last_trans == trans->transid) {
+			spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		root->last_trans = trans->transid;
 		radix_tree_tag_set(&root->fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
 			   (unsigned long)root->root_key.objectid,
 			   BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG);
-		root->last_trans = trans->transid;
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
 		btrfs_init_reloc_root(trans, root);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int btrfs_record_root_in_trans(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-			       struct btrfs_root *root)
-{
-	if (!root->ref_cows)
-		return 0;
-
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-	if (root->last_trans == trans->transid) {
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	record_root_in_trans(trans, root);
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 /* wait for commit against the current transaction to become unblocked
  * when this is done, it is safe to start a new transaction, but the current
  * transaction might not be fully on disk.
@@ -140,21 +156,23 @@
 {
 	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans;
 
+	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	cur_trans = root->fs_info->running_transaction;
 	if (cur_trans && cur_trans->blocked) {
 		DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
 		atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 		while (1) {
 			prepare_to_wait(&root->fs_info->transaction_wait, &wait,
 					TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 			if (!cur_trans->blocked)
 				break;
-			mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 			schedule();
-			mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		}
 		finish_wait(&root->fs_info->transaction_wait, &wait);
 		put_transaction(cur_trans);
+	} else {
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -167,10 +185,16 @@
 
 static int may_wait_transaction(struct btrfs_root *root, int type)
 {
-	if (!root->fs_info->log_root_recovering &&
-	    ((type == TRANS_START && !root->fs_info->open_ioctl_trans) ||
-	     type == TRANS_USERSPACE))
+	if (root->fs_info->log_root_recovering)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (type == TRANS_USERSPACE)
 		return 1;
+
+	if (type == TRANS_START &&
+	    !atomic_read(&root->fs_info->open_ioctl_trans))
+		return 1;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -198,23 +222,21 @@
 	if (!h)
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
-	if (type != TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK)
-		mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	if (may_wait_transaction(root, type))
 		wait_current_trans(root);
 
-	ret = join_transaction(root);
+	do {
+		ret = join_transaction(root, type == TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK);
+		if (ret == -EBUSY)
+			wait_current_trans(root);
+	} while (ret == -EBUSY);
+
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		kmem_cache_free(btrfs_trans_handle_cachep, h);
-		if (type != TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK)
-			mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		return ERR_PTR(ret);
 	}
 
 	cur_trans = root->fs_info->running_transaction;
-	atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
-	if (type != TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK)
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 
 	h->transid = cur_trans->transid;
 	h->transaction = cur_trans;
@@ -253,11 +275,7 @@
 	}
 
 got_it:
-	if (type != TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK)
-		mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-	record_root_in_trans(h, root);
-	if (type != TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK)
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
+	btrfs_record_root_in_trans(h, root);
 
 	if (!current->journal_info && type != TRANS_USERSPACE)
 		current->journal_info = h;
@@ -289,17 +307,13 @@
 				    struct btrfs_transaction *commit)
 {
 	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	while (!commit->commit_done) {
 		prepare_to_wait(&commit->commit_wait, &wait,
 				TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 		if (commit->commit_done)
 			break;
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		schedule();
-		mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	finish_wait(&commit->commit_wait, &wait);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -309,50 +323,49 @@
 	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = NULL, *t;
 	int ret;
 
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-
 	ret = 0;
 	if (transid) {
 		if (transid <= root->fs_info->last_trans_committed)
-			goto out_unlock;
+			goto out;
 
 		/* find specified transaction */
+		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 		list_for_each_entry(t, &root->fs_info->trans_list, list) {
 			if (t->transid == transid) {
 				cur_trans = t;
+				atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
 				break;
 			}
 			if (t->transid > transid)
 				break;
 		}
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 		if (!cur_trans)
-			goto out_unlock;  /* bad transid */
+			goto out;  /* bad transid */
 	} else {
 		/* find newest transaction that is committing | committed */
+		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 		list_for_each_entry_reverse(t, &root->fs_info->trans_list,
 					    list) {
 			if (t->in_commit) {
 				if (t->commit_done)
-					goto out_unlock;
+					goto out;
 				cur_trans = t;
+				atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
 				break;
 			}
 		}
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 		if (!cur_trans)
-			goto out_unlock;  /* nothing committing|committed */
+			goto out;  /* nothing committing|committed */
 	}
 
-	atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-
 	wait_for_commit(root, cur_trans);
 
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	put_transaction(cur_trans);
 	ret = 0;
-out_unlock:
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
+out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -401,10 +414,8 @@
 
 void btrfs_throttle(struct btrfs_root *root)
 {
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-	if (!root->fs_info->open_ioctl_trans)
+	if (!atomic_read(&root->fs_info->open_ioctl_trans))
 		wait_current_trans(root);
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 }
 
 static int should_end_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
@@ -422,6 +433,7 @@
 	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
 	int updates;
 
+	smp_mb();
 	if (cur_trans->blocked || cur_trans->delayed_refs.flushing)
 		return 1;
 
@@ -467,9 +479,11 @@
 
 	btrfs_trans_release_metadata(trans, root);
 
-	if (lock && !root->fs_info->open_ioctl_trans &&
-	    should_end_transaction(trans, root))
+	if (lock && !atomic_read(&root->fs_info->open_ioctl_trans) &&
+	    should_end_transaction(trans, root)) {
 		trans->transaction->blocked = 1;
+		smp_wmb();
+	}
 
 	if (lock && cur_trans->blocked && !cur_trans->in_commit) {
 		if (throttle)
@@ -739,9 +753,9 @@
  */
 int btrfs_add_dead_root(struct btrfs_root *root)
 {
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
+	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	list_add(&root->root_list, &root->fs_info->dead_roots);
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
+	spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -757,6 +771,7 @@
 	int ret;
 	int err = 0;
 
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
 	while (1) {
 		ret = radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
 						 (void **)gang, 0,
@@ -769,6 +784,7 @@
 			radix_tree_tag_clear(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
 					(unsigned long)root->root_key.objectid,
 					BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG);
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
 
 			btrfs_free_log(trans, root);
 			btrfs_update_reloc_root(trans, root);
@@ -783,10 +799,12 @@
 			err = btrfs_update_root(trans, fs_info->tree_root,
 						&root->root_key,
 						&root->root_item);
+			spin_lock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
 			if (err)
 				break;
 		}
 	}
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -972,7 +990,7 @@
 	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
 	parent_inode = parent->d_inode;
 	parent_root = BTRFS_I(parent_inode)->root;
-	record_root_in_trans(trans, parent_root);
+	btrfs_record_root_in_trans(trans, parent_root);
 
 	/*
 	 * insert the directory item
@@ -990,7 +1008,7 @@
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, parent_root, parent_inode);
 	BUG_ON(ret);
 
-	record_root_in_trans(trans, root);
+	btrfs_record_root_in_trans(trans, root);
 	btrfs_set_root_last_snapshot(&root->root_item, trans->transid);
 	memcpy(new_root_item, &root->root_item, sizeof(*new_root_item));
 	btrfs_check_and_init_root_item(new_root_item);
@@ -1080,20 +1098,20 @@
 int btrfs_transaction_in_commit(struct btrfs_fs_info *info)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
-	spin_lock(&info->new_trans_lock);
+	spin_lock(&info->trans_lock);
 	if (info->running_transaction)
 		ret = info->running_transaction->in_commit;
-	spin_unlock(&info->new_trans_lock);
+	spin_unlock(&info->trans_lock);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 int btrfs_transaction_blocked(struct btrfs_fs_info *info)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
-	spin_lock(&info->new_trans_lock);
+	spin_lock(&info->trans_lock);
 	if (info->running_transaction)
 		ret = info->running_transaction->blocked;
-	spin_unlock(&info->new_trans_lock);
+	spin_unlock(&info->trans_lock);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1117,9 +1135,7 @@
 				    &wait);
 			break;
 		}
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		schedule();
-		mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		finish_wait(&root->fs_info->transaction_blocked_wait, &wait);
 	}
 }
@@ -1145,9 +1161,7 @@
 				    &wait);
 			break;
 		}
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		schedule();
-		mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		finish_wait(&root->fs_info->transaction_wait,
 			    &wait);
 	}
@@ -1193,22 +1207,18 @@
 	}
 
 	/* take transaction reference */
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	cur_trans = trans->transaction;
 	atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 
 	btrfs_end_transaction(trans, root);
 	schedule_delayed_work(&ac->work, 0);
 
 	/* wait for transaction to start and unblock */
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	if (wait_for_unblock)
 		wait_current_trans_commit_start_and_unblock(root, cur_trans);
 	else
 		wait_current_trans_commit_start(root, cur_trans);
 	put_transaction(cur_trans);
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1252,38 +1262,41 @@
 	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_refs(trans, root, 0);
 	BUG_ON(ret);
 
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
+	spin_lock(&cur_trans->commit_lock);
 	if (cur_trans->in_commit) {
+		spin_unlock(&cur_trans->commit_lock);
 		atomic_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		btrfs_end_transaction(trans, root);
 
 		ret = wait_for_commit(root, cur_trans);
 		BUG_ON(ret);
 
-		mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		put_transaction(cur_trans);
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	trans->transaction->in_commit = 1;
 	trans->transaction->blocked = 1;
+	spin_unlock(&cur_trans->commit_lock);
 	wake_up(&root->fs_info->transaction_blocked_wait);
 
+	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	if (cur_trans->list.prev != &root->fs_info->trans_list) {
 		prev_trans = list_entry(cur_trans->list.prev,
 					struct btrfs_transaction, list);
 		if (!prev_trans->commit_done) {
 			atomic_inc(&prev_trans->use_count);
-			mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
+			spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 
 			wait_for_commit(root, prev_trans);
 
-			mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 			put_transaction(prev_trans);
+		} else {
+			spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 		}
+	} else {
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	}
 
 	if (now < cur_trans->start_time || now - cur_trans->start_time < 1)
@@ -1291,12 +1304,12 @@
 
 	do {
 		int snap_pending = 0;
+
 		joined = cur_trans->num_joined;
 		if (!list_empty(&trans->transaction->pending_snapshots))
 			snap_pending = 1;
 
 		WARN_ON(cur_trans != trans->transaction);
-		mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 
 		if (flush_on_commit || snap_pending) {
 			btrfs_start_delalloc_inodes(root, 1);
@@ -1316,14 +1329,15 @@
 		prepare_to_wait(&cur_trans->writer_wait, &wait,
 				TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 
-		smp_mb();
 		if (atomic_read(&cur_trans->num_writers) > 1)
 			schedule_timeout(MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
 		else if (should_grow)
 			schedule_timeout(1);
 
-		mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 		finish_wait(&cur_trans->writer_wait, &wait);
+		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+		root->fs_info->trans_no_join = 1;
+		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	} while (atomic_read(&cur_trans->num_writers) > 1 ||
 		 (should_grow && cur_trans->num_joined != joined));
 
@@ -1364,9 +1378,6 @@
 	btrfs_prepare_extent_commit(trans, root);
 
 	cur_trans = root->fs_info->running_transaction;
-	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->new_trans_lock);
-	root->fs_info->running_transaction = NULL;
-	spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->new_trans_lock);
 
 	btrfs_set_root_node(&root->fs_info->tree_root->root_item,
 			    root->fs_info->tree_root->node);
@@ -1387,10 +1398,13 @@
 	       sizeof(root->fs_info->super_copy));
 
 	trans->transaction->blocked = 0;
+	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+	root->fs_info->running_transaction = NULL;
+	root->fs_info->trans_no_join = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 
 	wake_up(&root->fs_info->transaction_wait);
 
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
 	ret = btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(trans, root);
 	BUG_ON(ret);
 	write_ctree_super(trans, root, 0);
@@ -1403,22 +1417,21 @@
 
 	btrfs_finish_extent_commit(trans, root);
 
-	mutex_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-
 	cur_trans->commit_done = 1;
 
 	root->fs_info->last_trans_committed = cur_trans->transid;
 
 	wake_up(&cur_trans->commit_wait);
 
+	spin_lock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
 	list_del_init(&cur_trans->list);
+	spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_lock);
+
 	put_transaction(cur_trans);
 	put_transaction(cur_trans);
 
 	trace_btrfs_transaction_commit(root);
 
-	mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex);
-
 	if (current->journal_info == trans)
 		current->journal_info = NULL;
 
@@ -1438,9 +1451,9 @@
 	LIST_HEAD(list);
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
 
-	mutex_lock(&fs_info->trans_mutex);
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
 	list_splice_init(&fs_info->dead_roots, &list);
-	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->trans_mutex);
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
 
 	while (!list_empty(&list)) {
 		root = list_entry(list.next, struct btrfs_root, root_list);